Body Habitus

Body habitus is generally defined as the build, physique, and general shape of the human body. The size, dimensions, and shape of the patient’s body affect the positioning of specific regions of the body such as the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and biliary systems.
Body habitus is classified into four general body styles:

Impact of Body Habitus on Radiographic Positioning

The technologist must consider the patient’s body habitus and alter centering and image receptor (IR) placement accordingly. This is especially true during adult chest radiography (described in Chapter 2). For the hyposthenic and asthenic patient, the image receptor is typically placed in portrait (lengthwise) alignment because the lungs are generally longer than those of the hypersthenic patient (Fig. 1.36). For the hypersthenic patient, the image receptor is typically placed in landscape (crosswise) alignment because the lungs are generally shorter in length and more broad in width than those of the hyposthenic or asthenic patient (Fig. 1.37). IR placement for the sthenic adult patient may be portrait or landscape, depending on the person’s age, height, and even pathology. Other anatomic regions also are affected by body habitus. This will be discussed further in Chapter 12, Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System.