Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist

APPENDIX E

Oral Manifestations: Xerostomia and Taste Changes

BOX E-1

AGENTS THAT PRODUCE XEROSTOMIA (DRY MOUTH)*

MAO, Monoamine oxidase; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

^*See Box 13-1 and Box 13-2 for other oral effects of drugs.

^†More likely than others to produce xerostomia.

^‡Less likely to cause xerostomia.

^§Most likely to produce xerostomia.

BOX E-2 AGENTS THAT ALTER TASTE

Drug	Taste Effects
ACE inhibitors
Aceon
Acetazolamide	M
Adenosine	M
Albuterol	C
Allopurinol	N
Al(OH)₃	Chalky
Amiodarone	U
Amoxapine	U, A
Ampicillin	N
Antineoplastics	N
Antithrombin III	F
Aspirin	N
Auranofin	M
Aurothioglucose	M
Aztreonam	A
Benazepril	C
Benzocaine	N
Bepridil	A
Bitolterol	A
Budesonide	B, L
Calcifediol	M
Calcitriol	M
Carboprost tromethamine	A
Ceftriaxone	A
Chlorhexidines	C, L
Cidofovir	A
Clarithromycin	A
Clofazimine	A
Clofibrate	N
Clomipramine	U
Cyclophosphamide	N
Gold salts	N
Griseofulvin	N
Interferon alfa-2a	M, C
Interferon alfa-n3	M, C
lodinated glycerol	M
Iron dextran complex	M
Potassium iodide	M
Labetalol	A
Levamisole	P
Lithium	A
Lomefloxacin	A
Losartan	A
Lovastatin	A
Mechlorethamine	M
Mesna	B
Metaproterenol	B
Methazolamide	M
Methimazole	A
Methylergonovine	F
Metronidazole	M, C
Moexipril (ACE inhibitor)	A
Moricizine	B
Nedocromil	U
Norfloxacin	B
Nortriptyline	U
Ofloxacin	A
Omeprazole	A
Pamidronate	L
Penicillamine	N
Pentamidine	B, M
Perindopril	D
Perindopril erbumine	A
Phytonadione	C
Pirbuterol (Maxair)	C
Pravastatin	A
Propafenone	L
Protirelin	B
Protriptyline	U
Propylthiouracil	L
Quinapril	C
Quinidine	B
Quinine	B
Ramipril	A
Ranitidine/bismuth	D
Rifabutin	P
Ritonavir	A
Simvastatin	U
Sodium phenylbutyrate	A
Succimer	B
Terbinafine	A
Terbutaline	B
Tetracycline	N
Trazodone	B
Triazolam	A
Tricyclic antidepressants	N
Ursodiol	U, M
Valsartan	A
Vinblastine	M
Vinorelbine	M

A, Abnormal; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; B, bad; C, change; D, disturbance; F, foul; L, loss; M, metallic; N, not specified; P, perversion; U, unpleasant.