Appendix 5 Key references and further reading
This section includes guides to further reading and the references used in some chapters. Several books are referred to many times, especially pharmacopoeias and similar books. Others are important textbooks, including the two companion volumes to this book. These have been grouped together in the first section. This is followed by a chapter by chapter listing of other suggested reading to expand on the individual chapters and the references cited within the chapters where appropriate. When using a pharmacopoeia, you must always use the information in the most recent edition. Sometimes the information you require, such as the formula for a particular medicine, may not be in the current edition. You then have to work back until you find the most recent edition in which it occurs.
Allen L.V., Popovich N.G., Ansel H.C. Ansel’s pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems, 8th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2004.
Aulton M.E. Aulton’s pharmaceutics: the design and manufacture of medicines, 3rd edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2007.
British national formulary (BNF), current edition. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London.
British national formulary (BNF) for children, current edition. British Medical Association, Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, London.
British pharmaceutical codex 1973 Pharmaceutical Press, London.
British pharmacopoeia, current edition. Stationery Office, London.
Committee of inquiry into pharmacy: a report to the Nuffield Foundation. 1986 Nuffield Foundation, London.
Diluent directories (internal and external), current edition. National Pharmaceutical Association, St Albans.
European pharmacopoeia, current edition and supplements. Maisonneuve, Saint Ruffine, France.
Farwell J. 1995, Aseptic dispensing for NHS patients (the Farwell Report). Stationery Office, London.
Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, current edition. Pharmaceutical Press, London.
Gives technical details on many ingredients
Harman R.J. Patient care in community practice, 2nd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
Lawson D.G., Richards R.M.E. Clinical pharmacy and hospital drug management. London: Hodder Arnold; 1998.
Marriott J.F., Wilson K.A., Langley C.A., et al. Pharmaceutical compounding and dispensing. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
Martindale: the complete drug reference, current edition. Pharmaceutical Press, London.
Medicines compendium, current edition. Datapharm Publications, London.
Medicines Control Agency. Rules and guidance for pharmaceutical manufacture. London: Stationery Office; 2002.
Pharmaceutical codex, 11th edn. 1979, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
Pharmaceutical codex, 12th edn. 1994, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain Medicines, ethics and practice: a guide for pharmacists, current edition. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London.
Stephens M. Hospital pharmacy. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
Stone P., Curtis S.J. Pharmacy practice, 3rd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
United States pharmacopoeia, current edition. Mack, Easton, PA.
Wade E., editor. Pharmaceutical handbook, 19th edn, London: Pharmaceutical Press, 1980.
Walker R., Whittlesea C. Clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 4th edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2007.
Waterfield J. Community pharmacy handbook. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2008.
Chapter 1: The role of pharmacy in health care
Bond C. Evidence-based pharmacy. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2000.
Clinical Resources Audit Group. Clinical pharmacy in the hospital pharmaceutical service: a framework for practice. Edinburgh: Stationery Office; 1996.
Department of Health. Choice and opportunity. Primary care: the future. London: Stationery Office; 1996.
Department of Health. Response to the report of the public inquiry into children’s heart surgery at the Bristol Royal Infirmary, 1984–1995. London: Stationery Office; 2001.
Department of Health. Pharmacy in the future: implementing the NHS plan – a programme for pharmacy in the National Health Service. London: Stationery Office; 2002.
Farwell I. The Bristol Royal Infirmary inquiry (the Kennedy Report). London: Stationery Office; 2001.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Pharmacy in a new age: the new horizon. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 1996.
Scottish Executive. The right medicine: a strategy for pharmaceutical care in Scotland. London: Stationery Office; 2002.
Weller PJ (Ed.) Pharmacists’ directory and yearbook, current edition. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London.
Chapter 2: Models of pharmacy practice within healthcare systems
Health and Safety Executive 2002 COSHH A brief guide to the regulations. Online. Available: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg136.pdf. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency 2006 The supply of unlicensed relevant medicinal products for individual patients. MHRA Guidance Note No. 14. Online. Available: http://www.mhra.gov.uk. (accessed 16 October 2008).
National Patient Safety Agency Community pharmacy reporting to the NRLS. Online. Available: https://www.eforms.npsa.nhs.uk/staffeform/. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee Pharmacy contract, essential services, service specifications. Online. Available: http://www.psnc.org.uk/index.php?type=page&pid=106&k=2 (accessed 16 October 2008).
Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee 2006 PSNC briefing on the NHS complaints procedure. Online. Available: http://www.psnc.org.uk/data/files/PharmacyContractandServices/ClinicalGovernance/complaintsprocess/briefingpdf.pdf. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2005 Confidentiality audit, December 2005. Online. Available: http://www.rpsgb.org/pdfs/confidentiality.pdf. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2006 Guidance on recording interventions. Online. Available: http://www.rpsgb.org.uk/pdfs/recinterventionsguid.pdf. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Stationery Office 1998 The Data Protection Act 1998. Online. Available: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/ukpga_19980029_en_1. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Chapters 3 and 4: Socio-behavioural aspects of health, illness, treatment and medicines
Bissell P., Traulsen J.M. Sociology and pharmacy practice. London: Pharmaceutical Practice; 2005.
FIP (International Pharmaceutical Federation) Standards for quality of pharmacy services. Online. Available: http://www.fip.org.
Florence A.T., Taylor K.M.G., Harding G. Pharmacy practice. London: Taylor and Francis; 2001.
Gard P. A behavioural approach to pharmacy practice. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell; 2000.
Taylor K., Nettleton S., Harding G. Sociology for pharmacists, 2nd edn. London: Taylor and Francis; 2003.
Lilja J, Larsson S, Hamilton D 1996 Drug communication. How cognitive science can help the health professionals. In: Pharmaceutical Sciences No. 24. Kuopio University Publications, Kuopio, Finland.
Marmot M., Wilkinson R.G. Social determinants of health, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.
Miller D.F., Price J.H. Dimensions of community health, 5th edn. Boston: McGraw-Hill; 1998.
Panton R., Chapman S. Medicines management. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 1998.
Quick J.D. Management sciences for health: managing drug supply, 2nd edn. West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press; 1997.
Sarafino E.P. Health psychology: biopsychosocial interactions, 5th edn. New York: John Wiley; 2005.
Smith F.J. Research methods in pharmacy practice. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
Smith M.C., Knapp D.A. Pharmacy, drugs and medical care, 5th edn. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1992.
Smith M.C., Wertheimer A.I. Social and behavioural aspects of pharmaceutical care. New York: Pharmaceutical Products Press; 2002.
Taylor K.M.G., Nettleton S., Harding G. Sociology for pharmacists, 2nd edn. Andover: Taylor and Francis; 2003.
Acheson D. Independent inquiry into inequalities in health: report. London: Stationery Office; 1998.
Dahlgren G., Whitehead M. Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health. Stockholm: Institute of Future Studies; 1991.
Department of Health. Choosing health: making healthy choices easier. London: Stationery Office; 2004. Online. Available: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4094550
Department of Health. Choosing health through pharmacy: a programme for pharmaceutical public health 2005–2015. London: Stationery Office; 2005. Online. Available: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4107494
Marmot M.G., Shipley M.J., Rose G. Inequalities in death: specific explanations of a general pattern. Lancet. 1984;I:1003-1006.
Marmot M.G., Davey Smith G., et al. Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet. 1991;337:1387-1393.
NHS Health Scotland 2004. Online. Available: http://www.healthscotland.com/topics/index.aspx (accessed 16 October 2008).
Walker R. Pharmaceutical public health: the end of pharmaceutical care? Pharmaceutical Journal. 2000;264:340-341.
Chapter 6: Types of patient charges for medicines and their impact
Cox E.R., Henderson R.R. Prescription use behaviour among Medicare beneficiaries with capped prescription benefits. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy. 2002;8:360-364.
Cox E.R., Jernigan C., Joel Coons S.J., et al. Medicare beneficiaries’ management of capped prescription benefits. Medical Care. 2001;39:296-301.
Lexchin J., Grootendorst P. Effects of prescription drug user fees on drug and health services use and on health status in vulnerable populations: a systematic review of the evidence. International Journal of Health Services. 2004;34:101-122.
Lundberg L., Johannesson M., Isacson D.G.L., et al. Effects of user charges on the use of prescription medicines in different socio-economic groups. Health Policy. 1998;44:123-134.
Rice T., Matsuoka K.Y. The impact of cost-sharing on appropriate utilization and health status: a review of the literature on seniors. Medical Care Research and Review. 2004;61:415-452.
Safran DG, Neuman P, Schoen C et al 2005 Prescription drug coverage and seniors: findings from a 2003 national survey. Health Affairs Web Exclusive W5 (April):152–166.
Schafheutle E.I., Hassell K., Noyce P.R., et al. Access to medicines: cost as an influence on the views and behaviour of patients. Health and Social Care in the Community. 2002;10:187-195.
Schafheutle E.I., Hassell K., Noyce P.R. Coping with prescription charges in the UK. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 2004;12(4):239-246.
Soumerai S.B., Avorn J., Ross-Degnan D., et al. Payment restrictions for prescription drugs under Medicaid: effects on therapy, cost, and equity. New England Journal of Medicine. 1987;317:550-556.
Soumerai S.B., McLaughlin T.J., Ross-Degnan D., et al. Effect of limiting Medicaid drug-reimbursement benefits on the use of psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by patients with schizophrenia. New England Journal of Medicine. 1994;331:650-655.
Stuart B., Grana J. Ability to pay and the decision to medicate. Medical Care. 1998;36:202-211.
Tamblyn R., Laprise R., Hanley J.A., et al. Adverse events associated with prescription drug cost-sharing among poor and elderly persons. JAMA. 2001;285:421-429.
Weiss M.C., Hassell K., Schafheutle E.I., Noyce P.R. Strategies used by general practitioners to minimise the impact of the prescription charge. European Journal of General Practice. 2001;7:23-26.
Chapter 7: WHO and the essential medicines concept
Quick J.D. Management sciences for health: managing drug supply, 2nd edn. West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press; 1997.
World Health Organization. The world health report: making a difference. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1999.
World Health Organization. WHO’s policy perspectives on medicines, The selection of essential medicines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.
World Health Organization 2004a, WHO medicines strategy: countries at the core 2004–2007. Document reference WHO/EDM/2004.5. World Health Organization, Geneva.
World Health Organization. WHO model formulary 2004. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004.
World Health Organization. The world health report 2005 – make every mother and child count. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
World Health Organization. Engaging for health. 11th general programme of work, 2006–2015. A global health agenda. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
World Health Organization 2006b, The use of essential medicines. WHO Technical Report Series 933. World Health Organization, Geneva.
World Health Organization 2007a, About WHO. Online. Available: http://www.who.int/about/en/.
World Health Organization 2007b, Constitution of the World Health Organization 1946. Online. Available: http://www.who.int/library/collections/historical/en/index3.html.
World Health Organization 2007c, International Health Regulations enter into force. Online. Available: www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2007/pr31/en/.
World Health Organization 2007d, Essential medicines. Online. Available: http://www.who.int/topics/essential_medicines/en/.
World Health Organization 2007e, WHO model list of essential medicines. 15th list, March 2007. Online. Available: http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/EML15.pdf.
World Health Organization 2007f, Better medicines for children. Sixtieth World Health Assembly. WHA60.20, 23 May 2007.
World Health Organization 2008, Public-private partnerships for health. Online. Available: http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story077/en/.
Part 2: Governance and good professional pharmaceutical practice
Chapter 8: Clinical governance – an overview
Dean B. What is clinical governance? Pharmacy in Practice. 2000;10:182-184.
Department of Health. A first class service: quality in the new NHS. London: Stationery Office; 1998.
Department of Health. Organisation with a memory. London: Stationery Office; 2000.
Department of Health. Clinical governance in community pharmacy. London: Stationery Office; 2001.
NHS Executive and National Prescribing Centre 2000 Competencies for pharmacists working in primary care. Online. Available: http://www.npc.co.uk/publications/CompPharm/competencies.htm.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2000, Pharmacy audit support pack. Online. Available: http://www.rpsgb.org/registrationandsupport/audit.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 2005, Scottish Executive 2005 Audit to excellence. CD-ROM See details on: http://www.rpsgb.org/registrationandsupport/audit.
Department of Health 2000 An organisation with a memory: a report from an expert working group on learning from adverse events in the NHS. Department of Health, London.
Department of Health. Building a safer NHS for patients: improving medication safety (a report by the Chief Pharmaceutical Officer). London: Department of Health; 2004.
National Patient Safety Agency. Design for patient safety: a guide to the design of the dispensing environment. London: National Patient Safety Agency; 2007.
National Patient Safety Agency. Healthcare risk assessment made easy. London: National Patient Safety Agency; 2007.
National Patient Safety Agency 2008 Exploring incidents – improving safety: a guide to root cause analysis from the NPSA. E-learning programme at: http://www.msnpsa.nhs.uk/rcatoolkit/course/iindex.htm.
Reason J. Human error: models and management. BMJ. 2000;320:768-770.
Chapter 10: Continuing professional development and fitness to practise
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain website: www.rpsgb.org.uk.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain CPD recording site: www.uptodate.org.uk.
Department of Health. The new NHS: a first class service. London: Stationery Office; 1998.
Department of Health. The new NHS: a first class service. London: Stationery Office; 2007.
Department of Health. Trust, assurance and safety – the regulation of health professionals in the 21st century. London: HMSO; 2007.
Pharmacists and Pharmacy Technicians Order 2007, HMSO. London.
Healthcare Commission National Clinical Audit 2008 Online. Available: http://www.healthcarecommission.org.uk/serviceproviderinformation/nationalclinicalaudit.cfm (accessed 14 October 2008).
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 2002 Principles for best practice in clinical audit. Radcliffe Medical Press, Oxford. Online. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/usingguidance/implementationtools/auditadvice/audit_advice.jsp?domedia=1&mid=79613703-19B9-E0B5-D4F14A0429022FC0 (accessed 16 October 2008).
NHS Clinical Governance Support Team 2005 A practical handbook for clinical audit. Online. Available: http://www.cgsupport.nhs.uk/downloads/Practical_Clinical_Audit_Handbook_v1_1.pdf.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain Clinical Audit Unit. Online. Available: http://www.rpsgb.org/registrationandsupport/audit/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Ethox Centre Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Oxford: http://www.ethox.org.uk/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
EthicsWeb.ca: http://www.ethicsweb.ca/ (accessed 14 October 2008).
Kennedy Institute of Ethics Georgetown University: http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/ (accessed 14 October 2008).
Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/contents.html (accessed 14 October 2008).
Internet Encyclopaedia of Philosophy http://www.iep.utm.edu/ (accessed 14 October 2008).
Beauchamp T.L., Childress J.F. Principles of biomedical ethics, 5th edn. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001.
Gillon R. Philosophical medical ethics. Chichester: John Wiley; 1999.
Hawley G. Ethics in clinical practice: an interprofessional approach. Harlow: Pearson Education; 2007.
Hill T.E., Zweig A. Kant: groundwork for the metaphysics of morals. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2002.
Hope T., Savulescu J., Hendrick J. Medical ethics and law, the core curriculum, 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2008.
Leathard A., McLaren S. Ethics: contemporary challenges in health and social care. Bristol: Policy Press; 2007.
Schwartz L., Preece P.E., Hendry R.A. Medical ethics: a case-based approach. Edinburgh: Saunders; 2002.
Thompson M. An introduction to philosophy and ethics. Manchester: Hodder Murray; 2003.
Vardy P., Grosch P. The puzzle of ethics. London: Fount; 1999.
Wingfield J., Badcott D. Pharmacy ethics and decision making. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
Aggarwal R., Bates I., Davies J.G., et al. A study of academic dishonesty among students at two schools of pharmacy. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2002;269:529-533.
Belmont Report 1979 Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, April 18 1979. Online. Available: http://ohsr.od.nih.gov/guidelines/belmont.html (accessed 14 October 2008).
Benson A. Pharmacy values and ethics: a qualitative mapping of the perceptions and experiences of UK pharmacy practitioners, in Centre for Public Policy. Department of Education and Professional Studies. London: King’s College London; 2006.
Benson A., Cribb A., Barber N. Respect for medicines and respect for people: mapping pharmacist practitioners’ perceptions and experiences of ethics and values. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2007.
Berwick D., Davidoff F., Hiatt H., et al. Refining and implementing the Tavistock principles for everybody in health care. Commentary: Justice in health care a response to Tavistock. BMJ. 2001;323:616-620.
British Medical Association. Core values of the medical profession in the 21st century – survey report. London: British Medical Association; 1995.
Department of Health. White Paper: Pharmacy in England. Building on Strengths – Delivering the Future. London: HM Government; 2008.
Gillon R. Medical oaths, declarations, and codes. BMJ. 1985;290:1194-1195.
Hawksworth G. From the president: a personal professional pledge. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;271:849-850.
Hawksworth G. The president promotes a personal professional pledge for pharmacists. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2004;272:684-685.
Hurwitz B., Richardson R. Swearing to care: the resurgence in medical oaths. BMJ. 1997;315:1671-1674.
Rennie S.C., Crosby J.R. Are tomorrow’s doctors honest? A questionnaire study exploring the attitudes and reported behaviour of medical students to fraud and plagiarism. BMJ. 2001;322:274-275.
Rogers R., John D. Paternalism to professional judgement – the history of the code of ethics. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2006;276:721-723.
Smith R., Hiatt H., Berwick D. Shared ethical principles for everybody in health care: a working draft from the Tavistock group. BMJ. 1999;318(7178):248-251.
Smith R., Hiatt H., Berwick D., [Tavistock group]. A shared statement of ethical principles for those who shape and give health care: a working draft from the Tavistock group. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1999;130(2):143-147.
Sritharan K., Russell G., Fritz Z., et al. Medical oaths and declarations. BMJ. 2001;323:1440-1441.
Thimbleby C.E.H. Drug tariff. Do we have to dispense a prescription item at a loss? Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;271:47.
Tonks A. What’s a good doctor and how do you make one? BMJ. 2002;325:711.
Wingfield J. New emphasis in the code of ethics. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;279:237-240.
Wingfield J. Consent: the heart of patient respect. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;279:411-414.
Wingfield J. When confidences should be kept and what constitutes an exception. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;279:533-536.
Chapter 13: Communication skills for the pharmacist
Argyle M. The psychology of interpersonal behaviour, 4th edn. Harmondsworth: Penguin; 1983.
Beardsley R.S., Kimberlin C.L., Tindall W.N. Communication skills in pharmacy practice, 5th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007.
Burnard P. Effective communication skills for health professionals, 2nd edn. London: Chapman and Hall; 1997.
Dickson D., Hargie O., Morrow N. Communication skills training for health professionals, 2nd edn. London: Chapman and Hall; 1997.
Kurtz S.M., Silverman J.D. The Calgary–Cambridge referenced observation guides: an aid to defining the curriculum and organizing the teaching in communication training programmes. Medical Education. 1996;30(2):83-89.
Ley P. Communicating with patients. London: Croom Helm; 1988.
Pease B., Pease A. The definitive book of body language. Atlanta: Bantam Books; 2006.
US Pharmacopeia Medication counseling behaviour guidelines. Online. Available: www.usp.org.
Part 3: The prescribing process
Chapter 16: Access to medicines and prescribing – introduction
Bradley C. Factors which influence the decision whether or not to prescribe: the dilemma facing general practitioners. British Journal of General Practice. 1992;42:454-458.
Denig P., Haaijer-Ruskamp F. Do physicians take cost into account when making prescribing decisions? Pharmacoeconomics. 1995;8:282-290.
Department of Health. A review of the prescribing, supply and administration of drugs – a report of the supply and administrations of medicines under group protocols. London: HMSO; 1998.
Department of Health 1999 Review of prescribing, supply and administration of medicines – final report. HMSO, London.
Department of Health 2005 Supplementary prescribing by nurses and pharmacists within the NHS in England: a guide for implementation. HMSO, London.
Department of Health. Improving patients’ access to medicines: a guide to implementing nurse and pharmacist independent prescribing within the NHS in England. London: HMSO; 2006.
Haayer F. Rational prescribing and sources of information. Social Science and Medicine. 1982;16:2017-2023.
Jones M., Greenfield S., Bradley C. Prescribing new drugs: qualitative study of influences on consultants and general practitioners. BMJ. 2001;323:378.
McGettigan P., Golden J., Fryer J., et al. Prescribers prefer people: the sources of information used by doctors for prescribing suggest that the medium is more important than the message. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2000;51:184-189.
Muller C. The overmedicated society: forces in the marketplace for medical care. Science. 1972;176:488-492.
Prosser H., Amond S., Walley T. Influences on GPs’ decision to prescribe new drugs – the importance of who says what. Family Practice. 2003;20:61-68.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Better management of minor ailments: using the pharmacist. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
Stevenson F., Greenfield S., Jones M., et al. GPs’ perceptions of patient influence on prescribing. Family Practice. 1999;16:255-261.
Chapter 17: The prescribing process and evidence based medicine
Barber N. What constitutes good prescribing? BMJ. 1995;310:923-925.
Clinical Knowledge Summaries (formerly PRODIGY). Online. Available: http://cks.library.nhs.uk/ (accessed 14 October 2008).
Department of Health. Improving patients’ access to medicines: a guide to implementing nurse and pharmacist independent prescribing within the NHS in England. London: HMSO; 2006.
Eccles M., Freemantle N., Mason J. North of England evidence-based guideline development project. BMJ. 1998;317:526-530.
MeReC Bulletin 1995 Evidence based medicine. MeReC Bulletin 6(12):45–48.
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Online. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/page.aspx?o=cg (accessed 14 October 2008).
National Prescribing Centre 2006 Maintaining competency in prescribing: an outline framework to help pharmacist prescribers. NPC Plus, Keele.
Cambridgeshire Primary Care Trust Formulary, latest update. Online. Available: http://www.cambsphn.nhs.uk/default.asp?id=149 (accessed 14 October 2008).
Central Services Agency Northern Ireland COMPASS Therapeutic Notes. Online. Available: http://www.centralservicesagency.com/display/compass (accessed 14 October 2008).
Furniss L. Formularies in primary care. Primary Care Pharmacy. 2000;1(2):37-39. Online. Available: http://www.pharmj.com/PrimaryCarePharmacy/200003/medicines/formularies.html (accessed 14 October 2008)
Health Solutions Wales. Online. Available: http://www.hsw.wales.nhs.uk/page.cfm?orgid=166&pid=3997 (accessed 14 October 2008).
Information Services Division (Scotland) Online. Available: http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/1038.html (accessed 14 October 2008).
Lothian Joint Formulary Online. Available: http://www.ljf.scot.nhs.uk/ (accessed 14 October 2008).
National Prescribing Centre 2007 Managing medicines across a health community: making area prescribing committees fit for purpose. Online. Available: http://www.npc.co.uk/apcguide/apc_guide_may_2007_core.pdf. (accessed 14 October 2008).
NHS Tayside Area Prescribing Guide (TAPG) Online. Available: http://www.nhstaysideadtc.scot.nhs.uk/approved/formular/formular.htm.
Pegler S. Whatever the appeal of drug lunches, take STEPS to avoid indigestion!. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;278:612-614. Online. Available: http://www.pharmj.com/pdf/articles/pj_20070526_steps.pdf
Prescribing Support Unit Items Online. Available at (both accessed 14 October 2008).
Measures of prescribing: http://www.ic.nhs.uk/services/prescribing-support-unit-psu/measures.
Prescribing indicators: http://www.ic.nhs.uk/our-services/prescribing-support-unit/indicators.
Prescription Pricing Division (England). Online. Available: http://www.ppa.org.uk/index.htm. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Twycross R., Wilcock A., Charlesworth S., Dickman A. Palliative care formulary, 2nd edn. Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing; 2002.
Chapter 19: Drug evaluation and pharmacoeconomics
Briggs A.H., O’Brien B.J. The death of cost-minimization analysis? Health Economics. 2001;10:179-184.
Drummond M.F., Sculpher M.J., Torrance G.W., et al. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes, 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.
Elliot R., Payne K. Essentials of economic evaluation in healthcare. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004.
Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Cost-effectiveness of simvastatin in people at different levels of vascular disease risk: economic analysis of a randomised trial in 20 536 individuals. Lancet. 2005;365:1779-1785.
Hughes D.A. Modelling in health economics. In: Walley T., Haycox A., Boland A., editors. Pharmacoeconomics. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2004.
Hughes D.A., Vilar F.J., Ward C.C., et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of HLA B*5701 genotyping in preventing abacavir hypersensitivity. Pharmacogenetics. 2004;14(6):335-342.
Lowson K.V., Drummond M.F., Bishop J.M. Costing new services: long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy. Lancet. 1981;1(8230):1146-1149.
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Online. Available: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 2004 Guide to the methods of technology appraisal. Online. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Prescribing Support Unit Online. Available: http://www.ic.nhs.uk/services/prescribing-support-unit-psu. (accessed 14 October 2007).
Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network 2008, SIGN Guideline 50. A guideline developer’s handbook, revised edn. Online. Available: http://www.sign.ac.uk/guidelines/fulltext/50/index.html. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Scottish Medicines Consortium Online. Available: http://www.scottishmedicines.org.uk/smc/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Walley T., Haycox A., Boland A. Pharmacoeconomics. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2003.
Chapter 20: Complementary/alternative medicine
Ang-Lee M.K., Moss J., Yuan C.-S. Herbal medicines and perioperative care. JAMA. 2001;286:208-216.
Barnes J., Anderson L.A., Phillipson J.D. Herbal medicines: a guide for healthcare professionals, 3rd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
Commission of the European Communities 2002 2002/0008 Proposal for amending the directive 2001/83/EC as regards traditional herbal medicinal products. European Commission, Brussels.
Department of Health. Government response to the House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology’s report on complementary and alternative medicine. London: Stationery Office; 2001.
Directive, 2004/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending, as regards traditional herbal medicinal products, Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Online. Available: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32004L0024:EN:HTML. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Eisenberg D.M., Davis R.B., Ettner S.L., et al. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990–1997. Results of a national follow-up survey. JAMA. 1998;280:1569-1575.
Ernst E., White A. The BBC survey of complementary medicine use in the UK. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2000;8:32-36.
Gunther S., Patterson R.E., Kristal A.R., et al. Demographic and health-related correlates of herbal and specialty supplement use. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2004;104:27-34.
House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology 2000 Session 1999–2000, 6th report. Complementary and alternative medicine. Stationery Office, London.
Information Centre Prescriptions. Online. Available: http://www.ic.nhs.uk/statistics-and-data-collections/primary-care/prescriptions (accessed 14 October 2008).
Kayne S. Complementary therapies for pharmacists. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
MCA (now MHRA) 2002 Safety of herbal medicinal products, July 2002. Online. Available: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/home/groups/es-herbal/documents/websiteresources/con009293.pdf (accessed 16 October 2008).
Medicines for Human Use (Marketing Authorisations etc.) Regulations 1994 (SI 1994/3144) Stationery Office, London.
Medicines for Human Use (Marketing Authorisations etc.) Amendment Regulations 2000 (SI 2000/292). Stationery Office, London.
Medicines for Human Use (Marketing Authorisations etc.) Amendment Regulations 2005 (SI 2005/768). Stationery Office, London.
Medicines (Aristolochia and Mu Tong etc.) (Prohibition) Order 2001 (SI 2001/1841). Stationery Office, London.
Mills S, Peacock W 1997 Professional organisation of complementary and alternative medicines in the United Kingdom 1997. A report to the Department of Health. University of Exeter, Exeter.
Mintel International. Complementary medicines. market intelligence. London: Mintel International Ltd; 2005.
Thomas K.J., Nicholl J.P., Coleman P. Use and expenditure on complementary medicine in England: a population based survey. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2001;9:2-11.
Medicines Control Agency 2001 Traditional ethnic medicines. Public health and compliance with medicines law. Medicines Control Agency, London. Online. Available at http://www.mhra.gov.uk/.
Zollman C., Vickers A. What is complementary medicine? BMJ. 1999;319:693-696.
Chapter 22: Prescribing for minor ailments
Blenkinsopp A., Paxton P., Blenkinsopp J. Symptoms in the pharmacy, 5th edn. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2005.
Edwards C., Stillman P. Minor Illness or major disease? The clinical pharmacist in the community, 4th edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
Harman R.J., Mason P. Handbook of pharmacy healthcare, 2nd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.
Nathan A. Non-prescription medicines, 3rd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
OTC Directory. Treatments for common ailments, current edition [updated annually]. Proprietary Association of Great Britain, London.
Rutter P. Community pharmacy. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2004.
Rutter P. Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2005.
Chapter 23: Information retrieval
Anon. An introduction to assessing medical literature. MeReC Briefing. 1995;9:1-8.
Aronson J.K. Meyler’s side effects of drugs: the international encyclopedia of adverse drug reactions and interactions, 15th edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers; 2006.
Brazier H., McCabe G. Making the most of Medline. Hospital Medicine. 1998;59(10):756-761.
Covell D.G., Uman G.C., Manning P.R. Information needs in office practice: are they being met? Annals of Internal Medicine. 1985;103:596-599.
Ely J.W., Osheroff J.A., Bell M.H., et al. Analysis of questions asked by family doctors regarding patient care. BMJ. 1999;319:358-361.
Ely J.W., Osheroff J.A., Ebell M.H., et al. Obstacles to answering doctors’ questions about patient care with evidence: qualitative study. BMJ. 2002;324:710-713.
Gardner M. Information retrieval for patient care. BMJ. 1997;314:950-954.
Greenhalgh T. Assessing the methodological quality of published papers. BMJ. 1997;315:305-308.
Hands D., Judd A., Golightly P., Grant E. Drug information and advisory services – past, present and future. Pharmaceutical Journal. 1999;262:160-162.
Impicciatore P., Pandolfini C., Casella N., et al. Reliability of health information for the public on the world wide web: systematic survey of advice on managing fever in children at home. BMJ. 1997;314:1875-1881.
McKibbon K.A., Wilczynski N.L., Walker-Dilks C.J. How to search for and find evidence about therapy. Evidence-Based Medicine. 1996;1(3):70-72.
Malone P. Drug information technology and Internet resources. Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 1998;11:196-218.
Shaughnessy A.F., Slawson D.C., Bennett J.H. Becoming an information master: a guidebook to the medical information jungle. Journal of Family Practice. 1994;39:489-499.
Slawson D.C., Shaughnessy A.F. Obtaining useful information from expert based sources. BMJ. 1997;314:947-949.
Slawson D.C., Shaughnessy A.F., Bennett J.H. Becoming a medical information master: feeling good about not knowing everything. Journal of Family Practice. 1994;39:505-513.
Smith R. What clinical information do doctors need? BMJ. 1996;313:1062-1068.
Baxter K. Stockley’s drug interactions, 8th edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
Wright S.G., LeCroy R.L., Kendrach M.G. A review of the three types of biomedical literature and the systematic approach to answer a drug information request. Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 1998;11:148-162.
Section 4: Dispensing and related pharmaceutical practice activities
Department of Health 1999 Review of prescribing, supply and administration of medicines, final report. Stationery Office, London. Online. Available: http://www.dh.gov.uk/. (accessed 14 October 2008).
Drug tariff, current edition. Stationery Office. Online. Available: http://www.ppa.org.uk/ppa/edt_intro.htm (accessed 16 October 2008).
Editorial. Consultation on SOPs for dispensing. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2001;266:616-619.
National Prescribing Centre. Prescribing analysis terms. Online. Available: http://www.npc.co.uk/publications/prescribingTerms/frames.htm. (accessed 15 October 2008).
National Prescribing Centre 1999 Signposts for prescribing nurses. Prescribing Nurse Bulletin 1(1):1–4.
Review of prescribing supply and administration of medicines 1998 Initial report (Crown review). Department of Health, London.
Review of prescribing supply and administration of medicines 1999 Final report (Crown review). Department of Health, London.
Chapter 26: Pharmaceutical calculations
Ansel H.C., Stoklosa M.J. Pharmaceutical calculations, 12th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Williams; 2007.
Rees J.A., Smith I., Smith B. Introduction to pharmaceutical calculations, 2nd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004.
Smith I., Rees J.A. Pharmaceutical calculations workbook. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2005.
Winfield A.J., Edafiogho I.E. Calculations for pharmaceutical practice. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2005.
Dean D.A., Evans E.R., Hall I.H. Pharmaceutical packaging technology. Andover: Taylor and Francis; 2000.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society 1990 Working Party Report. Labelling of dispensed medicines. Pharmaceutical Journal 245:128–129.
Chapter 29: Production of sterile products
Beaney A.M. Quality assurance of aseptic preparation service, 4th edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2005.
European Commission 2005 The rules governing medicinal products in the European Union, vol 1V: EU guidelines to good manufacturing practice for medicinal products for human and veterinary use. European Commission, Brussels.
Midcalf B., Phillips M., Neiger J.S., et al. Pharmaceutical isolators. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004.
Rules and Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Distributors 2007 Pharmaceutical Press, London.
Chapter 33: External preparations
Williams A.C. Transdermal and topical drug delivery. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2003.
Chapter 34: Suppositories and pessaries
Allen L.V.Jr. Suppositories.. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
ABPI compendium of patient information leaflets current edition. Datapharm Publications, London.
Electronic medicines compendium 2001. Online. Available: http://emc.medicines.org.uk. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Murphy A. Asthma in focus. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
Purewal T.S., Grant D.J.W. Metered dose inhaler technology. Buffalo Grove, IL: Interpharm Press; 2002.
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Online. Available: http://guidance.nice.org.uk/cg12. (accessed 15 October 2008).
National Prescribing Centre 1998 Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) free inhalers. MeReC Bulletin 9(5):17–20.
SIGN Guideline No. 101, May 2008 British guideline on the management of asthma. Online. Available: http://www.sign.ac.uk/guidelines/fulltext/101/index.html. (accessed 16 October 2008).
Chapter 38: Parenteral products
Akers M.J., Larrimore D.S., Guazzo D.M. Parenteral quality control: sterility, pyrogens, particulate and package integrity testing, 3rd edn. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2002.
Avis K.E., Lieberman H.A., Lachman L., editors. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: parenteral medications, 1. 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992.
British Standards Institute 2004 BS EN ISO 1135-4:2004. British Standards Institute, London.
Collentro W.V. Pharmaceutical water: systems design, operation and validation, 2nd edn. Buffalo Grove, IL: Interpharm Press; 2008.
DeLuca P.P., Boylan J.C. Formulation of small volume parenterals, 2nd edn. Avis K.E., Lieberman H.A., Lachman L., editors. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: parenteral medications, vol 1. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992.
Demorest L.J., Hamilton JG. Formulation of large volume parenterals, 2nd edn. Avis K.E., Lieberman H.A., Lachman L., editors. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: parenteral medications, vol 1. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992.
Levchuk J.W. Parenteral products in hospital and home care pharmacy practice, 2nd edn. Avis K.E., Lieberman H.A., Lachman L., editors. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: parenteral medications, vol 1. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992.
Turco S. Sterile dosage forms: their preparation and clinical application, 4th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Williams; 1994.
Williams K.L. Endotoxins, pyrogens, LAL testing and depyrogenation, 2nd edn. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2001.
Chapter 39: Ophthalmic products
Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Guidance for use of ophthalmic preparations in hospital and care homes. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2001;267:307.
Chapter 40: Specialized services
Allwood M., Stanley A.P., Wright P., editors. The cytotoxics handbook, 4th edn, Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, 2002.
Beaney AM (formerly from NHS Quality Control Committee) 2006 The quality assurance of aseptic services, 4th edn. Pharmaceutical Press, London.
British Oncology Pharmacy Association. Position statement on care of patients receiving oral anticancer drugs. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2004;272:423-424.
Department of Health and Social Security, 1976, Breckenridge working party: report of the working party on addition of drugs to intravenous infusion fluids. HC (76)9. HMSO, London.
International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners (ISOPP) Guidelines on safe handling and other information. Online. Available: www.isopp.org. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Management and Awareness of Risks of Cytotoxic Handling (MARCH) guidelines. Online. Available: www.marchguidelines.com. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Needle R.A. Survey of hospital centralised intravenous additive services. Pharmaceutical Journal. 1995;225:326-327.
Needle R.A. CIVAS handbook. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
Pharmaceutical Society. Working party report: guidelines for the handling of cytotoxic drugs. Pharmaceutical Journal. 1983;230:230-231.
Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia. Standards of practice for the provision of oral chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research. 2007;37:147-150.
Trissel L.A. Handbook on injectable drugs, 14th edn. Bethesda: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2006.
Chapter 41: Parenteral nutrition and dialysis
Austin P., Stroud M. Prescribing adult intravenous nutrition. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2007.
Walker R., Edwards C. Clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 3rd edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2003.
Wood S. Home parenteral nutrition: quality criteria for clinical services and the supply of nutrient fluids and equipment. Maidenhead: British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; 1995.
Department of Health Social Security. Guidance notes for hospitals on the premises and environment required for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals.. London: HMSO; 1982.
Sampson C.B. Textbook of radiopharmacy: theory and practice, 2nd edn. New York: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1994.
Sharp P.F., Gemmell H.G., Murray A.D. Practical nuclear medicine, 3rd edn. London: Springer-Verlag; 2005.
Chapter 43: Storage of medicines and waste disposal
Rhodes C.T. An overview of kinetics for the evaluation of the stability of pharmaceutical systems. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 1984;10(8&9):1163-1174.
Chapter 44: Communication skills – role of pharmacists in giving advice and information
Beardsley R.S., Kimberlin C.L., Tindall W.N. Communication skills in pharmacy practice, 5th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007.
Burnard P. Effective communication skills for health professionals, 2nd edn. London: Chapman and Hall; 1997.
Cromarty J.A. Counselling and advice on medicines and appliances in community pharmacy practice, Clinical Research and Audit Group. Edinburgh: Stationery Office; 1996.
Dickson D., Hargie O., Morrow N. Communication skills training for health professionals, 2nd edn. London: Chapman and Hall; 1997.
Ley P. Communicating with patients.. London: Croom Helm; 1988.
Tindall W.N., Beardsley R.S., Kimberlin C.L. Communication skills in pharmacy practice, 4th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2002.
US Pharmacopeia Medication Counseling Behaviour Guidelines. Online. Available: www.usp.org.(accessed 15 October 2008).
Part 5: Services to particular groups of patients
Chapter 45: Collection and delivery services
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2004. Fitness to practice and legal affairs directorate fact sheet: seven. Prescription collection, home delivery and repeat medication services, November 2004. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2004.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2006. Guidance for Internet pharmacy services, March 2006. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2006.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Medicines, ethics and practice – a guide for pharmacists, current edition. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London.
Berry D. Risk, communication and health psychology. Maidenhead: Open University Press; 2004.
Bond C. Concordance: a partnership in medicine taking. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004.
Britten N., Stevenson F.A., Barry C.A., et al. Misunderstandings in prescribing decisions in general practice: qualitative study. BMJ. 2000;320:484-488.
Charnock D., Shepperd S., Needham G., et al. Discern: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. Journal of Health Epidemiology and Community Health. 1999;53:105-111.
Clyne W, Granby T, Picton C 2007, A competency framework for shared decision-making with patients: achieving concordance for taking medicines, first edn, January 2007. NPC Plus, Keele. Online. Available: http://www.npc.co.uk/med_partnership/resource/our-publications/concordant.html (accessed 15 October 2008).
Coulter A. Partnerships with patients: the pros and cons of shared clinical decision-making. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy. 1997;2:112-121.
Coulter A., Ellins J., Swain D., et al. Assessing the quality of information to support people in making decisions about their health and healthcare. Oxford: Picker Institute; 2006.
DIPEx Database of individual patient experiences of illness and health. Online. Available: http://www.healthtalkonline.org/ and http://www.youthhealthtalk.org/. (both accessed 15 October 2008).
Gigerenzer G., Edwards A. Simple tools for understanding risks: from innumeracy to insight. BMJ. 2003;327:741-744.
Haynes RB, Montague P, Oliver T et al 2001. Interventions for helping patients to follow prescriptions for medications (Cochrane Review). Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Oxford Update Software, Oxford.
IPDAS Collaboration. International patient decision aid standards (IPDAS). Online. Available: http://ipdas.ohri.ca/ (accessed 15 October 2008).
Kurtz S.M., Silverman J.D. The Calgary–Cambridge referenced observations guides: an aid to defining the curriculum and organising the teaching in communication training programmes. Medical Education. 1996;30:83-89.
Lewin SA, Skea ZC, Entwistle V et al 2001 Interventions for providers to promote a patient-centred approach in clinical consultations. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4. article no. CD003267. DOI:10.1002/14651858.
Marinker M., Blenkinsopp A., Bond C., et al. From compliance to concordance: achieving shared goals in medicine taking. A joint report by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain and Merck, Sharpe and Dohme. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society; 1997.
O’Connor AM, Stacey D, Entwistle V et al 2003. Decisions aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 1. Article no. CD001431. DOI:10.1002/14651858.
Ottawa Health Research Institute. Patient Decision Aids. Online. Available: http://decisionaid.ohri.ca/index.html. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Raynor D.K., Blenkinsopp A., Knapp P., et al. A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative research on the role and effectiveness of written information available to patients about individual medicines. Health Technology Assessment. 2007;11(5):1-178.
Simpson S.H., Eurich D.T., Majumdar S.R., et al. A meta-analysis of the association between adherence to drug therapy and mortality. BMJ. 2006;333:15. Online. Available: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/abstract/333/7557/15
Stevenson F.A., Cox K., Britten N., et al. A systematic review of the research on communication between patients and health care professionals about medicines: the consequences for concordance. Health Expectations. 2004;7:235-245.
Stewart M.A. Effective physician–patient communication and health outcomes: a review. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 1995;152:1423-1433.
Weiss M.C. The informed patient: friend or foe? Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;278:143-146.
Weiss M.C., Britten N. What is concordance? Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;271:493.
Chapter 47 Monitoring the patient
Randall M., Neil K.E. Disease management. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004.
Sexton J., Nickless G., Green C. Pharmaceutical care made easy. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006.
MHRA Black Triangle list. Online. Available: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/Safetyinformation/Howwemonitorthesafetyofproducts/Medicines/BlackTriangleproducts/index.htm (accessed 15 October 2008), 2001.
MHRA Yellow Card Scheme. Online. Available: http://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/ (accessed 15 October 2008).
PSNC website for Advanced Services 2001. Online. Available: http://www.psnc.org.uk/pages/advanced_services.html. (accessed 15 October 2008).
PSNC website for MUR forms. Online. Available: http://www.psnc.org.uk/pages/mur_forms.html. (accessed 15 October 2008).
WHO regional monitoring center. Online. Available: http://www.who-umc.org. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Chapter 48 Services for vulnerable patients
Department of Health 1997, Consultation Paper: Who decides? HMSO, London.
Department of Health. National service framework for mental health. London: HMSO; 1999.
Department of Health. National service framework for older people. London: HMSO; 2001.
Department of Health. Medicines for older people: implementing medicines-related aspects of the NSF for older people. London: HMSO; 2001.
Department of Health. National service framework for children young people and maternity services. London: HMSO; 2003.
Department of Health. Protection of vulnerable adults scheme. London: HMSO; 2006.
Hudson S.A. Pharmaceutical care of the elderly. Pharmaceutical Journal. 1997;259:686-688.
Livingston S. The older patient. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;270:862-863.
Livingston S. Effective interventions to support medicine use in older people. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;270:893-895.
Livingston S. Falls prevention and management. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2003;271:49-50.
National Prescribing Centre 2000, Prescribing for children. MeReC Bulletin 11(2):5–8.
National Prescribing Centre 2000, Prescribing for the older person. MeReC Bulletin 11(10):37–40.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Caring for people with mental health problems. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2000;265:391-392.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. The administration and control of medicine in care homes and children’s services. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2003.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Practice guidance advisory services to care homes. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2003.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Practice guidance for the provision of printed medication administration record charts by community pharmacists for use in health and social care settings. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2005.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Guidance on child protection. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2006.
Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Guidance on the protection of vulnerable adults. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2007.
United Kingdom Psychiatric Pharmacy Group. Community care: pharmaceutical care for people with enduring mental health needs. Pharmaceutical Journal. 1995;255:501-503.
Chapter 49: Substance use and misuse
Berridge V., Edwards G. Opium and the people, 2nd edn. London: Free Association Books; 1998.
Department of Health 2007 Drug misuse and dependence: guidelines on clinical management. Stationery Office, London. Online. Available: http://www.nta.nhs.uk/areas/Clinical_guidance/clinical_guidelines/docs/clinical_guidelines_2007.pdf (accessed 15 October 2008).
Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency 2008 At a glance guide to medical aspects of fitness to drive. DVLA, Swansea. Online. Available: http://www.dvla.gov.uk./medical/ataglance.aspx. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Gelder M., Mayou R., Harrison P. Misuse of alcohol and drugs. The shorter Oxford textbook of psychiatry, 5th edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006.
Gossop M. Living with drugs, 6th edn. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing; 2007.
Gossop M, Marsden J, Stewart D 2001 NTORS (National Treatment Outcome Research Study) after five years: changes in substance use, health and criminal behaviour during the five years after intake. National Addiction Centre (Crown copyright), London. Online. Available: http://www.erpho.org.uk/Download/Public/5367/1/ntors5yr.pdf. (accessed 15 October 2008).
Ksobiech K. A meta-analysis of needle sharing, lending, and borrowing behaviors of needle exchange program attenders. AIDS Education and Prevention. 2003;15(3):257-268.
MacDonald M., Law M., Kaldor J., et al. Effectiveness of needle and syringe programmes for preventing HIV transmission. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2003;14:353-357.
Mathei C., Shkedy Z., Denis B., et al. Evidence for a substantial role of sharing of injecting paraphernalia other than syringes/needles to the spread of hepatitis C among injecting drug users. Journal of Viral Hepatitis. 2006;13(8):560-570.
Neale J. Drug users’ views of substitute prescribing conditions. International Journal of Drug Policy. 1999;10:247-258.
Roberts K., Bryson S.M. The contribution of Glasgow pharmacists to the management of drug misuse. Hospital Pharmacist. 1999;6:244-248.
Sheridan J., Strang J. Drug misuse and community pharmacy. Andover: Taylor and Francis; 2002.
Stimson G.V., Des Jarlais D.C., Ball A. Drug injecting and HIV infection. London: Taylor and Francis; 1998.
Walker M. Shared care of opiate misusers in Berkshire. Pharmaceutical Journal. 2001;266:547-552.
Ward J., Hall W., Mattick R. Role of maintenance treatment in opioid dependence. Lancet. 1999;353:221-226.
Wills S. Drugs of abuse, 2nd edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2005.
World Health Organization 2007 Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. 34th Report. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Appendix A2: Latin terms and abbreviations
Carter S. Dispensing for pharmaceutical students, 13th edn. London: Pitman Medical; 1975.
Appendix A4: Presentation skills
Bradbury A. Successful presentation skills, 3rd edn. London: Kogan Page; 2006.