B

Baby Care

Readiness for enhanced Childbearing Process: demonstrates appropriate feeding and baby care techniques, along with attachment to infant and providing a safe environment

Back Pain

Anxiety r/t situational crisis, back injury

Ineffective Coping r/t situational crisis, back injury

Disturbed Energy Field r/t chronic pain

Impaired physical Mobility r/t pain

Acute Pain r/t back injury

Chronic Pain r/t back injury

Risk for Constipation: Risk factors: decreased activity, side effect of pain medication

Risk for Disuse Syndrome: Risk factor: severe pain

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bacteremia

Risk for Infection: Risk factor: compromised immune system

Risk for Shock: Risk factor: development of systemic inflammatory response from presence of bacteria in blood stream

See Infection; Infection, Potential for

Barrel Chest

See Aging (if appropriate); COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

Bathing/Hygiene Problems

Impaired Mobility r/t chronic physically limiting condition

Self-Neglect (See Neglect, self, Section III)

Bathing Self-Care deficit (See Self-Care deficit, bathing, Section III)

Battered Child Syndrome

Dysfunctional Family Processes r/t inadequate coping skills

Sleep deprivation r/t prolonged psychological discomfort

Chronic Sorrow r/t situational crises

Risk for Post-Trauma Syndrome: Risk factors: physical abuse, incest, rape, molestation

Risk for Self-Mutilation: Risk factors: feelings of rejection, dysfunctional family

Risk for Suicide: Risk factor: childhood abuse.

See Child Abuse

Battered Person

See Abuse, Spouse, Parent, or Significant Other

Bedbugs, Infestation

Impaired Home Maintenance r/t deficient knowledge regarding prevention of bedbug infestation

Impaired Skin Integrity r/t bites of bedbugs

See Itching; Pruritus

Bed Mobility, Impaired

Impaired bed Mobility (See Mobility, bed, impaired, Section III)

Bed Rest, Prolonged

Deficient Diversional Activity r/t prolonged bed rest

Impaired bed Mobility r/t neuromuscular impairment

Social Isolation r/t prolonged bed rest

Risk for Disuse Syndrome: Risk factor: prolonged immobility

Risk for Loneliness: Risk factor: prolonged bed rest

Bedsores

See Pressure Ulcer

Bedwetting

Ineffective Health Maintenance r/t unachieved developmental level, neuromuscular immaturity, diseases of the urinary system.

Bell’s Palsy

Disturbed Body Image r/t loss of motor control on one side of face

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t difficulty with chewing

Acute Pain r/t inflammation of facial nerve

Risk for Injury (eye): Risk factor: decreased tears, decreased blinking of eye

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

See BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy); Prostatic Hypertrophy

Bereavement

Grieving r/t loss of significant person

Insomnia r/t grief

Risk for complicated Grieving: Risk factor: emotional instability, lack of social support

Risk for Spiritual Distress: Risk factor: death of a loved one

Biliary Atresia

Anxiety r/t surgical intervention, possible liver transplantation

Impaired Comfort r/t inflammation of skin, itching

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t decreased absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins, poor feeding

Risk for Bleeding: Risk factors: vitamin K deficiency, altered clotting mechanisms

Risk for ineffective Breathing Pattern: Risk factors: enlarged liver, development of ascites

Risk for impaired Skin Integrity: Risk factor: pruritus

See Child with Chronic Condition; Cirrhosis (as complication); Hospitalized Child; Terminally Ill Child, Adolescent; Infant/Toddler; Preschool Child; School-Age Child/Preadolescent; Death of Child, Parent

Biliary Calculus

See Cholelithiasis

Biliary Obstruction

See Jaundice

Bilirubin Elevation in Neonate

Neonatal Jaundice (See Jaundice, Neonatal, Section III)

Biopsy

Fear r/t outcome of biopsy

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bioterrorism

Contamination r/t exposure to bioterrorism

Risk for Infection: Risk factor: exposure to harmful biological agent

Risk for Post-Trauma Syndrome: Risk factor: perception of event of bioterrorism

Bipolar Disorder I (Most Recent Episode, Depressed or Manic)

Ineffective Activity Planning r/t unrealistic perception of events

Risk-prone Health Behavior r/t low state of optimism

Disturbed Energy Field r/t disharmony of mind, body, spirit

Fatigue r/t psychological demands

Ineffective Health Maintenance r/t lack of ability to make good judgments regarding ways to obtain help

Self-Care deficit: specify r/t depression, cognitive impairment

Chronic low Self-Esteem r/t repeated unmet expectations

Social Isolation r/t ineffective coping

Risk for complicated Grieving: Risk factor: lack of previous resolution of former grieving response

Risk for Loneliness: Risk factors: stress, conflict

Risk for Spiritual Distress: Risk factor: mental illness

Risk for Suicide: Risk factor: psychiatric disorder, poor support system

See Depression (Major Depressive Disorder); Manic Disorder, Bipolar I

Birth Asphyxia

See Asphyxia, Birth

Birth Control

See Contraceptive Method

Bladder Cancer

Urinary Retention r/t clots obstructing urethra

See Cancer; TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)

Bladder Distention

Urinary Retention r/t high urethral pressure caused by weak detrusor, inhibition of reflex arc, blockage, strong sphincter

Bladder Training

Disturbed Body Image r/t difficulty maintaining control of urinary elimination

Functional urinary Incontinence r/t altered environment; sensory, cognitive, mobility deficit

Stress urinary Incontinence r/t degenerative change in pelvic muscles and structural supports

Urge urinary Incontinence r/t decreased bladder capacity, increased urine concentration, overdistention of bladder

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: Expresses an interest in learning

Bladder Training, Child

See Toilet Training

Bleeding Tendency

Risk for Bleeding (See Bleeding, risk for, Section III)

Risk for delayed Surgical Recovery: Risk factor: bleeding tendency

Blepharoplasty

Disturbed Body Image r/t effects of surgery

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: Expresses an interest in learning

Blindness

Interrupted Family Processes r/t shift in health status of family member (change in visual acuity)

Impaired Home Maintenance r/t decreased vision

Ineffective Role Performance r/t alteration in health status (change in visual acuity)

Self-Care deficit: specify r/t inability to see to be able to perform activities of daily living

Vision Loss r/t impaired sensory reception, transmission, or integration

Risk for delayed Development: Risk factor: vision impairment

Risk for Injury: Risk factor: sensory dysfunction

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

See Vision Impairment

Blood Disorder

Ineffective Protection r/t abnormal blood profile

Risk for Bleeding: Risk factor: abnormal blood profile

See cause of Blood Disorder

Blood Pressure Alteration

See Hypotension; HTN (Hypertension)

Blood Sugar Control

Risk for unstable blood Glucose level (See Glucose level, blood, unstable, risk for, Section III)

Blood Transfusion

Anxiety r/t possibility of harm from transfusion

See Anemia

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Anxiety r/t perceived defect of body

Disturbed Body Image r/t overinvolvement in physical appearance

Chronic low Self-Esteem r/t lack of self valuing because of perceived body defects

Social Isolation r/t distancing self from others because of perceived self body defects

Risk for Suicide: Risk factor: perceived defects of body affecting self-valuing and hopes

Body Image Change

Disturbed Body Image (See Body Image, disturbed, Section III)

Body Temperature, Altered

Ineffective Thermoregulation (See Thermoregulation, ineffective, Section III)

Bone Marrow Biopsy

Fear r/t unknown outcome of results of biopsy

Acute Pain r/t bone marrow aspiration

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

See disease necessitating bone marrow biopsy (e.g., Leukemia)

Borderline Personality Disorder

Ineffective Activity Planning r/t unrealistic perception of events

Anxiety r/t perceived threat to self-concept

Defensive Coping r/t difficulty with relationships, inability to accept blame for own behavior

Ineffective Coping r/t use of maladjusted defense mechanisms (e.g., projection, denial)

Powerlessness r/t lifestyle of helplessness

Social Isolation r/t immature interests

Ineffective family Therapeutic Regimen Management r/t manipulative behavior of client

Risk for Caregiver Role Strain: Risk factors: inability of care receiver to accept criticism, care receiver taking advantage of others to meet own needs or having unreasonable expectations

Risk for Self-Mutilation: Risk factors: ineffective coping, feelings of self-hatred

Risk for Spiritual Distress: Risk factor: poor relationships associated with abnormal behaviors

Risk for self-directed Violence: Risk factors: feelings of need to punish self, manipulative behavior

Boredom

Deficient Diversional Activity r/t environmental lack of diversional activity

Social Isolation r/t altered state of wellness

Botulism

Deficient Fluid Volume r/t profuse diarrhea

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bowel Incontinence

Bowel Incontinence r/t decreased awareness of need to defecate, loss of sphincter control, fecal impaction

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bowel Obstruction

Constipation r/t decreased motility, intestinal obstruction

Deficient Fluid Volume r/t inadequate fluid volume intake, fluid loss in bowel

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t nausea, vomiting

Acute Pain r/t pressure from distended abdomen

Bowel Resection

See Abdominal Surgery

Bowel Sounds, Absent or Diminished

Constipation r/t decreased or absent peristalsis

Deficient Fluid Volume r/t inability to ingest fluids, loss of fluids in bowel

Delayed Surgical Recovery r/t inability to obtain adequate nutritional status

Risk for dysfunctional Gastrointestinal Motility (See Gastrointestinal Motility, dysfunctional, risk for, Section III)

Bowel Sounds, Hyperactive

Diarrhea r/t increased gastrointestinal motility

Bowel Training

Bowel Incontinence r/t loss of control of rectal sphincter

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bowel Training, Child

See Toilet Training

BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy)

Ineffective Health Maintenance r/t deficient knowledge regarding self-care with prostatic hypertrophy

Insomnia r/t nocturia

Urinary Retention r/t obstruction of urethra

Risk for urge urinary Incontinence: Risk factors: detrusor muscle instability with impaired contractility, involuntary sphincter relaxation

Risk for Infection: Risk factors: urinary residual after voiding, bacterial invasion of bladder

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

See Prostatic Hypertrophy

Bradycardia

Decreased Cardiac Output r/t slow heart rate supplying inadequate amount of blood for body function

Risk for ineffective Cerebral tissue perfusion: Risk factors: decreased cardiac output secondary to bradycardia, vagal response

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bradypnea

Ineffective Breathing Pattern r/t neuromuscular impairment, pain, musculoskeletal impairment, perception or cognitive impairment, anxiety, fatigue or decreased energy, effects of drugs

See cause of Bradypnea

Brain Injury

See Intracranial Pressure, Increased

Brain Surgery

See Craniectomy/Craniotomy

Brain Tumor

Acute Confusion r/t pressure from tumor

Fear r/t threat to well-being

Grieving r/t potential loss of physiosocial-psychosocial well-being

Decreased Intracranial Adaptive Capacity r/t presence of brain tumor

Acute Pain r/t pressure from tumor

Vision Loss r/t tumor growth compressing optic nerve and/or brain tissue

Risk for Injury: Risk factors: sensory-perceptual alterations, weakness

See Cancer; Chemotherapy; Child with Chronic Condition; Craniectomy/Craniotomy; Hospitalized Child; Radiation Therapy; Terminally Ill Child, Adolescent; Terminally Ill Child, Infant/Toddler; Terminally Ill Child, Preschool Child; Terminally Ill Child, School-Age Child/Preadolescent; Terminally Ill Child/Death of Child, Parent

Braxton Hicks Contractions

Activity Intolerance r/t increased contractions with increased gestation

Anxiety r/t uncertainty about beginning labor

Fatigue r/t lack of sleep

Stress urinary Incontinence r/t increased pressure on bladder with contractions

Insomnia r/t contractions when lying down

Ineffective Sexuality Pattern r/t fear of contractions associated with loss of infant

Breast Biopsy

Fear r/t potential for diagnosis of cancer

Risk for Spiritual Distress: Risk factor: fear of diagnosis of cancer

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Breast Cancer

Death Anxiety r/t diagnosis of cancer

Ineffective Coping r/t treatment, prognosis

Fear r/t diagnosis of cancer

Sexual Dysfunction r/t loss of body part, partner’s reaction to loss

Chronic Sorrow r/t diagnosis of cancer, loss of body integrity

Risk for Spiritual Distress: Risk factor: fear of diagnosis of cancer

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

See Cancer; Chemotherapy; Mastectomy; Radiation Therapy

Breast Examination, Self

See SBE (Self-Breast Examination)

Breast Lumps

Fear r/t potential for diagnosis of cancer

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Breast Pumping

Risk for Infection: Risk factors: possible contaminated breast pump, incomplete emptying of breast

Risk for impaired Skin Integrity: Risk factor: high suction

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Breastfeeding, Effective

Readiness for enhanced Breastfeeding (See Breastfeeding, readiness for enhanced, Section III)

Breastfeeding, Ineffective

Ineffective Breastfeeding (See Breastfeeding, ineffective, Section III)

See Infant Feeding Pattern, Ineffective; Painful Breasts, Engorgement; Painful Breasts, Sore Nipples

Breastfeeding, Interrupted

Interrupted Breastfeeding (See Breastfeeding, interrupted, Section III)

Breast Milk, Insufficient

Insufficient Breast Milk (See Breast Milk, insufficient, Section III)

Breath Sounds, Decreased or Absent

See Atelectasis; Pneumothorax

Breathing Pattern Alteration

Ineffective Breathing Pattern r/t neuromuscular impairment, pain, musculoskeletal impairment, perception or cognitive impairment, anxiety, decreased energy or fatigue

Breech Birth

Fear: maternal r/t danger to infant, self

Impaired Gas Exchange: fetal r/t compressed umbilical cord

Risk for Aspiration: fetal: Risk factor: birth of body before head

Risk for delayed Development: Risk factor: compressed umbilical cord

Risk for impaired Tissue Integrity: fetal: Risk factor: difficult birth

Risk for impaired Tissue Integrity: maternal: Risk factor: difficult birth

Bronchitis

Ineffective Airway Clearance r/t excessive thickened mucus secretion

Readiness for enhanced Self-Health Management: wishes to stop smoking

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Activity Intolerance r/t imbalance between oxygen supply and demand

Excess Fluid Volume r/t sodium and water retention

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t poor feeding, increased caloric needs as a result of increased work of breathing

See Child with Chronic Condition; Hospitalized Child; Respiratory Conditions of the Neonate

Bronchoscopy

Risk for Aspiration: Risk factor: temporary loss of gag reflex

Risk for Injury: Risk factors: complication of pneumothorax, laryngeal edema, hemorrhage (if biopsy done)

Bruits, Carotid

Risk for ineffective Cerebral tissue perfusion: Risk factors: interruption of carotid blood flow to brain

Bryant’s Traction

See Traction and Casts

Buck’s Traction

See Traction and Casts

Buerger’s Disease

See Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)

Bulimia

Disturbed Body Image r/t misperception about actual appearance, body weight

Compromised family Coping r/t chronically unresolved feelings of guilt, anger, hostility

Defensive Coping r/t eating disorder

Diarrhea r/t laxative abuse

Fear r/t food ingestion, weight gain

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t induced vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative abuse.

Powerlessness r/t urge to purge self after eating

Chronic low Self-Esteem r/t lack of positive feedback

See Maturational Issues, Adolescent

Bunion

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Bunionectomy

Impaired physical Mobility r/t sore foot

Impaired Walking r/t pain associated with surgery

Risk for Infection: Risk factors: surgical incision, advanced age

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

Burn Risk

Risk for Thermal Injury: Risk factors (See Thermal Injury, risk for, Section III)

Burns

Disturbed Body Image r/t altered physical appearance

Deficient Diversional Activity r/t long-term hospitalization

Fear r/t pain from treatments, possible permanent disfigurement

Deficient Fluid Volume r/t loss of protective skin

Grieving r/t loss of bodily function, loss of future hopes and plans

Hypothermia r/t impaired skin integrity

Impaired physical Mobility r/t pain, musculoskeletal impairment, contracture formation

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t increased metabolic needs, anorexia, protein and fluid loss

Acute Pain r/t burn injury, treatments

Ineffective peripheral Tissue Perfusion r/t circumferential burns, impaired arterial/venous circulation

Post-Trauma Syndrome r/t life-threatening event

Impaired Skin Integrity r/t injury of skin

Delayed Surgical Recovery r/t ineffective tissue perfusion

Risk for ineffective Airway Clearance: Risk factors: potential tracheobronchial obstruction, edema

Risk for deficient Fluid Volume: Risk factors: loss from skin surface, fluid shift

Risk for Infection: Risk factors: loss of intact skin, trauma, invasive sites

Risk for Peripheral Neurovascular Dysfunction: Risk factor: eschar formation with circumferential burn

Risk for Post-Trauma Syndrome: Risk factors: perception, duration of event that caused burns

Readiness for enhanced Knowledge: expresses an interest in learning

See Hospitalized Child; Safety, Childhood

Bursitis

Impaired physical Mobility r/t inflammation in joint

Acute Pain r/t inflammation in joint

Bypass Graft

See Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)