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1926 Riis RC, et al. Ocular manifestations of equine motor neuron disease. Equine Vet J. 1999;31:99.

1927 Divers TJ, et al. Equine motor neuron disease: findings in 28 horses and proposal of a pathophysiological mechanism for the disease. Equine Vet J. 1994;26:409.

1928 De la Rua-Domenech R, et al. Incidence and risk factors of equine motor neuron disease: an ambidirectional study. Neuroepidemiology. 1995;14:54.

1929 De la Rua-Domenech R, et al. Association between plasma vitamin E concentration and the risk of equine motor neuron disease. Br Vet J. 1997;154:203.

1930 McGorum BC, et al. Horses on pasture may be affected by equine motor neuron disease. Equine Vet J. 2006;38:47.

1931 Divers TJ, et al. Simple and practical muscle biopsy test for equine motor neuron disease. Proceedings of the Forty-second Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners. 1996:180.

1932 Jackson CA, et al. Spinal accessory nerve biopsy as an antemortem diagnostic test for equine motor neuron disease. Equine Vet J. 1996;28:215.

1933 Jeffcott LB. Disorders of the thoracolumbar spine of the horse—a survey of 443 cases. Equine Vet J. 1980;12:197.

1934 Williams NM, Allen G, Powell D. Equine neurologic disease. J Equine Vet Sci. 2003;23:431.

1935 Jeffcott LB, Whitwell KE. Fractures of the thoracolumbar spine of the horse. Proceedings of the Twenty-second Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners. 1976:91.

1936 Haussler KK, Stover SM. Stress fractures of the vertebral lamina and pelvis in thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J. 1998;30:374.

1937 Julian RJ, Maxwell TW. Fracture of the cervical vertebrae in a heifer. Can Vet J. 1963;4:29.

1938 Edwards JF, Wikse SE, Loy JK, et al. Vertebral fracture associated with trauma during movement and restraint of cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995;207:934.

1939 Altmaier KR, Sherman DM, Schelling SH, et al. Osteomyelitis and disseminated infection caused by Corynebacterium renale in a goat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994;204:934.

1940 Schuh JCL, Killeen JR. A retrospective study of dystocia-related vertebral fractures in neonatal calves. Can Vet J. 1988;29:830.

1941 Agerholm JS, Basse A, Arnbjerg J. Vertebral fractures in newborn calves. Acta Vet Scand. 1993;34:379.

1942 Schuijt G. Iatrogenic fractures of ribs and vertebrae during delivery in perinatally dying calves: 235 cases (1978-1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990;197:1196.

1943 Thompson RG. Vertebral body osteophytes in bulls. Pathol Vet. 1969;6(suppl):1.

1944 Funk KA, Erickson ED. A case of atlantoaxial subluxation in a horse. Can Vet J. 1968;9:120.

1945 Ricardi G, Dyson S. Forelimb lameness associated with radiographic abnormalities of the cervical vertebrae. Equine Vet J. 1993;25:422.

1946 Lopez MJ, Nordberg C, Trostle S. Fracture of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae presenting as radial nerve paralysis in a horse. Can Vet J. 1997;38:112.

1947 Guffy MM, Coffman JR, Strafuss AC. Atlantoaxial luxation in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969;155:754.

1948 Baker GJ. Comminuted fracture of the axis. Equine Vet J. 1970;2:37.

1949 Chiapetta C, Baker JC, Feeny DA. Vertebral fracture, extensor hypertonia of thoracic limbs, and paralysis of the pelvic limbs (Schiff Sherrington syndrome) in an Arabian foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;186:387.

1950 Mason JE. A case of spinal cord compression causing paraplegia of a foal. Equine Vet J. 1971;3:155.

1951 Whitwell KE, Dyson S. Interpreting radiographs. VIII. Equine cervical vertebrae. Equine Vet J. 1987;19:8.

1952 Moyer WA, Rooney JR. Vertebral fracture in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1971;159:1022.

1953 Ramey DW, Selcer BA. Radiographic diagnosis. Vet Radiol. 1984;25:218.

1954 Hudson NPH, Mayhew IG. Radiographic and myelographic assessment of the equine cervical vertebral column and spinal cord. Equine Vet Educ. 2005;17:34.

1955 Hahn CN, Mayhew IG, McKay R. The nervous system. In Colahan PT, et al, editors: Equine medicine and surgery, ed 5, St Louis: Mosby, 2000.

1956 Olby N. Current concepts in the management of acute spinal cord injury. J Vet Intern Med. 1999;13:399.

1957 Martin CA, Kerr CL, Pearce SG, et al. Outcome of epidural catheterization for delivery of analgesics in horses: 43 cases (1998-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003;222:1394.

1958 Owen R, Maxie LL. Repair of fractured dens of the axis in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978;173:854.

1959 McCoy DJ, Shires PK, Beadle R. Ventral approach for stabilization of atlantoaxial subluxation secondary to odontoid fracture in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984;185:545.

1960 Barnes HG, Tucker RL, Grant BD, et al. Lag screw stabilization of a cervical vertebral fracture by use of computed tomography in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997;206:221.

1961 Smyth GB. Use of ventral cervical stabilization for treatment of a suspected articular facet fracture in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993;202:771.

1962 Sysel AM, Moll HD, Carrig CB, et al. What is your diagnosis? Oblique fracture of the caudal half of the transverse process of the fourth cervical vertebra. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998;213:607.

1963 Monke DR, Parker WG, Hillman R. Progressive posterior paralysis. Proceedings of the Ninth Technical Conference on Artificial Insemination and Reproduction. Columbia, Mo: National Association of Artificial Insemination Breeders; 1982.

1964 Park CA, et al. Association between the bovine major histocompatibility complex and chronic posterior spinal paresis—a form of ankylosing spondylitis—in Holstein bulls. Anim Genet. 1993;24:53.

1965 Dodd DC, Cordes DO. Spinal abscess and cord compression syndrome in lambs. N Z Vet J. 1964;12:1.

1966 Diver TJ. Acquired spinal cord and peripheral nerve disease. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim. 2004;20:231.

1967 Snider TGIII, Luther DG, Jenny BF, et al. Encephalitis, lymphoid tissue depletion and secondary diseases associated with bovine immunodeficiency virus in a dairy herd. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996;19:117.

1968 Finley GG. A survey of vertebral abscesses in domestic animals in Ontario. Can Vet J. 1975;16:114.

1969 Sherman DM, Ames TR. Vertebral body abscesses in cattle: a review of five cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986;188:608.

1970 Chladek DW, Ruth GR. Isolation of Actinobacillus lignieresii from an epidural abscess in a horse with progressive paralysis. J Am Vet Met Assoc. 1976;168:64.

1971 Adams SB, Steckel R, Blevins W. Diskospondylitis in five horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;186:270.

1972 Richardson DW. Eikenella corrodens osteomyelitis of the axis in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986;188:298.

1973 Olchowy TW. Vertebral body osteomyelitis due to Rhodococcus equi in two Arabian foals. Equine Vet J. 1994;26:79.

1974 Chaffin MK, Honnas, Crabill MR, et al. Cauda equina syndrome, diskospondylitis, and a paravertebral abscess caused by Rhodococcus equi in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995;206:215.

1975 Collins JD, Kelly WR, Twomey T. Brucella-associated vertebral osteomyelitis in a thoroughbred mare. Vet Rec. 1971;88:321.

1976 Kelly WR, Collins JD, Farrelly BT. Vertebral osteomyelitis in a horse associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (M. bovis) infection. Am J Vet Rad Soc. 1972;13:59.

1977 Markel MD, Madigan JE, Lichtensteiger CA, et al. Vertebral body osteomyelitis in the horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986;188:632.

1978 Dixon PM, Rowlands AC. Atlantooccipital joint infection associated with guttural pouch mycosis in a horse. Equine Vet J. 1981;13:260.

1979 Walmsley JP. A case of atlantooccipital arthropathy following guttural pouch mycosis in a horse: the use of radioisotope bone scanning as an aid to diagnosis. Equine Vet J. 1988;20:219.

1980 Walker DF. Causes of copulatory failure in beef bulls. Mod Vet Pract. 1984;65:252.

1981 Scott PR. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from field cases of some common ovine neurological diseases. Br Vet J. 1992;148:15.

1982 Braun U, Schweizer G, Gerspach C, et al. Clinical findings in 11 cattle with abscesses in the thoracic vertebrae. Vet Rec. 2003;152:782.

1983 Tyson R, Graham JP, Roberts GD, et al. What is your diagnosis? Osteomyelitis of a vertebral body. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004;225:515.

1984 Scott PR, Will RG. A report of Froin’s syndrome in five ovine thoracolumbar epidural abscess cases. Br Vet J. 1991;147:582.

1985 Denny HR. A review of brucellosis in the horse. Equine Vet J. 1973;5:121.

1986 Evans LH, Dodd D, Walton FN. Clinicopathologic conference. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1968;153:1085.

1987 Baxter GM, Humphries GBJr. Percutaneous drainage of an abscess in the lateral neck region of a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991;198:660.

1988 Traver DS, et al. Epidural melanoma causing posterior paresis in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977;170:1400.

1989 Drew RA, Greatorex JC. Vertebral plasma cell myeloma causing posterior paralysis in a horse. Equine Vet J. 1974;6:131.

1990 Reinertson EL. Fibrosarcoma in a horse. Cornell Vet. 1974;64:617.

1991 Palmer AC, Hichman J. Ataxia in a horse due to angioma of the spinal cord. Vet Rec. 1960;72:611.

1992 Helfer DH, Stevens DR. Spinal neurofibroma in a sheep. Vet Pathol. 1978;15:784.

1993 Luginbuhl H. Comparative aspects of tumors of the nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1963;108:702.

1994 Baker JR. A case of an invasive melanoma in a newborn lamb. Vet Rec. 1975;97:496.

1995 Shamis LD, Everitt JI, Baker GJ. Lymphosarcoma as the cause of ataxia in a horse. J Am Vet Met Assoc. 1984;184:1517.

1996 Rebhun WC, et al. Compressive neoplasms affecting the bovine spinal cord. Compend Cont Educ (Pract Vet). 1984;6:S396.

1997 Saunders GK. Ependymoblastomas in a dairy heifer. Vet Pathol. 1984;21:528.

1998 Williams G, Feldman R, Baldwin E. Malignant lymphoma in the thoracic spinal canal of a bull. Southwest Vet. 1972;25:227.

1999 Roth L, et al. Ganglioglioma of the spinal cord in a calf. Vet Pathol. 1987;24:188.

2000 Berrocal A, Montgomery DL, Mackie JT, et al. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the spinal cord of a Braham crossbred calf. Vet Pathol. 2005;42:834.

2001 Steinberg H, Peek SF, Nelson KM. Neuroblastoma with neuronal differentiation in the spinal cord in an Aberdeen Angus heifer calf. Vet Pathol. 2006;43:193.

2002 Masterson MA, Hull BL, Vollmer LA. Treatment of bovine lymphosarcoma with L-asparaginase. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988;192:1301.

2003 Darien BJ, Belknap J, Nietfeld J. Cerebrospinal fluid changes in two horses with central nervous system nematodiasis (Micronema deletrix). J Vet Intern Med. 1988;2:201.

2004 Hadlow WJ, Ward JK, Krinsky WL. Intracranial myiasis by Hypoderma bovis (Linnaeus) in a horse. Cornell Vet. 1977;67:272.

2005 Jordan WH, Gaafar SM, Carlton WW. Micronema deletrix in the brain of a horse. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1975;70:707.

2006 Stone WM, Stewart TB, Peckham JC. Micronema deletrix in the central nervous system of a pony. J Parasitol. 1970;56:986.

2007 Pohlenz VJ, Schulze D, Eckert J. Spinale nematidosis beim pferd, verursachy durch Strongylus vulgaris. DTW. 1965;72:510.

2008 Olander HJ. The migration of Hypoderma lineatum in the brain of a horse. Pathol Vet. 1967;4:477.

2009 Little PB. Cerebrospinal nematodiasis of equidae. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972;160:1407.

2010 Swanstrom OG, Rising JL, Carlton WW. Spinal nematodosis in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969;155:748.

2011 Mayhew IG, et al. Migration of a spiruriod nematode through the brain of a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982;180:1306.

2012 Fraunfelder HC, Kazacos KR, Lichtenfels JR. Cerebrospinal nematodiasis caused by a filarid in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980;177:359.

2013 Mayhew IG, de Lahunta A, Georgi JR. Naturally occurring cerebrospinal parelaphostrongylosis. Cornell Vet. 1976;66:56.

2014 Jortner BS, et al. Lesions of spinal cord parelaphostrongylosis in sheep: sequential changes following intramedullary larval migration. Vet Pathol. 1985;22:137.

2015 Anderson RC. The development of Pneumostrongylus tenuis in the central nervous system of white-tailed deer. Pathol Vet. 1965;2:360.

2016 Alden C, et al. Cerebrospinal nematodiasis in sheep. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975;166:784.

2017 Mohiyuddeen S. Enzootic bovine paraplegia in some malnad tracts (hilly and heavy rainfall region) of Mysore state with particular reference to cerebrospinal nematodiasis as its probable cause. Indian J Vet Sci. 1956;26:1.

2018 Kennedy PC, Whitlock JH, Roberts SJ. Neurofilariosis, a paralytic disease of sheep. I. Introduction, symptomatology, and pathology. Cornell Vet. 1952;42:118.

2019 Whitlock JH. Neurofilariosis, a paralytic disease of sheep. II. Neurofilaria cornellensis n.g., n. sp. (Nematoda, Filariodea): a new nematode parasite from the spinal cord of sheep. Cornell Vet. 1952;42:125.

2020 Little PB, Lwin S, Fretz P. Verminous encephalitis of horses: experimental induction with Strongylus vulgaris larvae. Am J Vet Res. 1974;35:1501.

2021 Ferris DH, Levine ND, Beamer PD. Micronema deletrix in the equine brain. Am J Vet Res. 1972;33:33.

2022 Powers RD, Benz GW. Micronema deletrix in the central nervous system of a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977;170:175.

2023 Alstad AD, Berg IE. Disseminated Micronema deletrix infection in the horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979;174:264.

2024 Innes JRM, Shoho C, Pillai CP. Epizootic cerebrospinal nematodiasis or setariasis. Br Vet J. 1952;108:71.

2025 Innes JR, Pillai C. Kumri: so-called lumbar paralysis of horses in Ceylon (India and Burma) and its identification with cerebrospinal nematodiasis. Br Vet J. 1955;111:223.

2026 Wood AP. Cerebrospinal nematodiasis in a horse. Equine Vet J. 1970;185:185.

2027 Cox DD, Mozier JO, Mullee MT. Posterior paralysis in a calf caused by cattle grubs (Hypoderma bovis) after treatment with a systemic insecticide for grub control. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1970;157:1088.

2028 Brown FG. Toxicological hazards in warble fly eradication programmes. Vet Parasitol. 1977;3:265.

2029 Mayhew IG, et al. Verminous (Strongylus vulgaris) myelitis in a donkey. Cornell Vet. 1984;74:30.

2030 Kopcha M, et al. Cerebrospinal nematodiasis in a goat herd. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989;194:1439.

2031 Lo PA, et al. Pharmacokinetic studies of ivermectin: effects of formulation. Vet Res Commun. 1985;9:251.

2032 Wilkinson PK, Pope DG, Baylis FP. Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin administered intravenously to cattle. J Pharm Sci. 1985;74:1105.

2033 Bennett DG. Clinical pharmacology of ivermectin. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986;189:100.

2034 Anderson RR. The use of ivermectin in horses: research and clinical observations. Compend Cont Educ (Pract Vet). 1984;6:S516.

2035 Karns PA, Luther DG. A survey of adverse effects associated with ivermectin use in Louisiana horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984;185:782.

2036 Anderson PH, Kirkwood AC. A reaction in cattle to toxins of Hypoderma bovis (warble fly) larvae. Br Vet J. 1968;124:569.

2037 Shoho C. Prophylaxis and therapy in epizootic cerebrospinal nematodiasis of animals by I-diethylcarbamyl-4-methyl-piperazine dihydrogen citrate: report of a second field trial. Vet Med. 1954;49:459.

2038 Kocan AA. The use of ivermectin in the treatment and prevention of infection with Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (Doughterty) nematoda metastrongyloidia in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus, Zimmerman). J Wildl Dis. 1985;21:454.

2039 Abid HN, Holscher MA. Acute necrotizing myelopathy in lambs. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1983;78:1615.

2040 Taylor HW, Vandevelde M, Firth E. Ischemic myelopathy caused by fibrocartilaginous emboli in a horse. Vet Pathol. 1977;14:479.

2041 Fuentealba IC, et al. Spinal cord ischemic necrosis due to fibrocartilaginous embolism in a horse. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1991;3:176.

2042 Jeffrey M, Wells GAH. Multifocal ischaemic encephalomyelopathy associated with fibrocartilaginous emboli in the lamb. Neuropathol Exp Neurobiol. 1986;12:415.

2043 Landolfi JA, Saunders GK, Swecker WS. Fibrocartilagenous embolic myelopathy in a calf. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2004;16:360.

2044 Sebastian MM, Giles RC. Fibrocartilagenous embolic myelopathy in a horse. J Vet Med A. 2004;51:341.

2045 De Lahunta A, Alexander JW. Ischemic myelopathy secondary to presumed fibrocartilaginous embolism in nine dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1976;12:37.

2046 Gilmore DR, de Lahunta A. Necrotizing myelopathy secondary to presumed or confirmed fibrocartilaginous embolism in 24 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987;23:373.

2047 Lerche E, Laverty S, Blais D, et al. Hemorrhagic myelomalacia following general anesthesia in a horse. Cornell Vet. 1983;83:267.

2048 Yovich JV, LeCouteur RA, Stashak T, et al. Postanesthetic hemorrhagic myelopathy in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986;188:300.

2049 Raidal SR, Raidal SL, Richards RB, et al. Acute paraplegia in a thoroughbred racehorse after general anesthesia. Aust Vet J. 1997;75:178.

2050 Gold JR, Divers TJ, de Lahunta A. Postanesthetic poliomyelopathy in a 7-day-old calf. J Vet Intern Med. 2005;19:775.

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2054 Schmidt SP, et al. A case of congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM) in a lamb. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1993;5:458.

2055 Engelken TJ, et al. Atlantooccipital fusion in two polled Hereford calves. Zentralbl Veterinarmed. 1992;39:236.

2056 Boyd JS, McNeil PE. Atlantooccipital fusion and ataxia in the calf. Vet Rec. 1987;120:34.

2057 Watson AG, et al. Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation with atlantoaxial subluxation in an ataxic calf. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;187:740.

2058 McCoy DJ, et al. Stabilization of atlantoaxial subluxation secondary to atlantooccipital malformation in a Devon calf. Cornell Vet. 1986;76:277.

2059 Leipold HW, et al. Congenital defect of the atlantooccipital joint in a Holstein-Friesian calf. Cornell Vet. 1972;62:646.

2060 Van Nie CJ, Folkerts JF. Occipitalization of the atlas in a sheep. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd Anat Histol Embryol. 1977;6:99.

2061 Wilson WD, et al. Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation in two non-Arabian horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;187:36.

2062 Leipold HW, et al. Congenital atlantooccipital fusion in a foal. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1974;69:1312.

2063 Von Schmaltz. Ebildung des occipitale und des atlas beim fohlen. Berl Munch Tierarztl Woschenschr. 1915;31:169.

2064 Robinson WF, et al. Atlantoaxial malarticulation in Angora goats. Aust Vet J. 1982;58:105.

2065 Whitwell KW. Craniovertebral malformations in an Arab foal. Equine Vet J. 1978;10:125.

2066 Blikslager AT, et al. Atlantoaxial malformation in a half-Arabian. Cornell Vet. 1991;81:67.

2067 Witte S, Alexander K, Bucello M, et al. Congenital atlantoaxial luxation associated with malformation of the dens axis in a quarter horse foal. Equine Vet Educ. 2005;17:175.

2068 Gonda C, Crisman M, Moon M. Occipitoatlantal malformation in a quarter horse foal. Equine Vet Educ. 2001;13:289.

2069 Watson AG, Quick CB, de Lahunta A. Congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM) with two atlases in a young Arabian horse. Anat Histol Embryol. 1978;7:354.

2070 De Lahunta A, Hatfield C, Dietz A. Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation with duplication of the atlas and axis in a half-Arabian foal. Cornell Vet. 1989;79:185.

2071 Watson AG, Mayhew IG. Familial congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation in the Arabian horse. Spine. 1986;11:334.

2072 White ME, Pennock PW, Seiler RJ. Atlantoaxial subluxation in five young cattle. Can Vet J. 1978;19:79.

2073 Slone DE, Bergfeld WA, Walker TL. Surgical decompression for traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation in a weanling filly. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979;174:1234.

2074 McCoy DJ, Shires PK, Beadle R. Ventral approach for stabilization of atlantoaxial subluxation secondary to odontoid fracture in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984;185:545.

2075 Owen R, Maxie LL. Repair of fractured dens of the axis in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978;173:854.

2076 Nixon AJ, Stashak TS. Laminectomy for relief of atlantoaxial subluxation in four horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988;193:677.

2077 Licka T. Closed reduction of an atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial dislocation in a foal. Vet Rec. 2002;151:356.

2078 Cordy DR, Richards WPC, Bradford GE. Systemic neuroaxonal dystrophy in Suffolk sheep. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1967;8:133.

2079 Harper PA, Morton AG. Neuroaxonal dystrophy in Merino sheep. Aust Vet J. 1991;68:152.

2080 Leipold HW, et al. Weaver syndrome in Brown Swiss cattle: clinical signs and pathology. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1973;68:645.

2081 Braun U, Ehrensperger F, Bracher V. Das Weaver Syndrom beim Rind. Tierarztl Prax. 1987;15:139.

2082 Stuart LD, Leipold HW. Lesions in bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy “weaver” of Brown Swiss cattle. Vet Pathol. 1985;22:13.

2083 Baird JD, Sarmiento UM, Basrur P. Bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy (weaver syndrome) in Brown Swiss cattle in Canada: a literature review and case report. Can Vet J. 1988;29:370.

2084 Stuart LD, Leipold HW. Bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy “weaver” of Brown Swiss cattle. I. Epidemiology. Bovine Pract. 1983;18:129.

2085 Stuart LD, Leipold HW. Bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy “weaver” of Brown Swiss cattle. II. Clinical and laboratory findings. Bovine Pract. 1983;18:133.

2086 Oyster R, et al. Electrophysiological studies in bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy of Brown Swiss cattle. Prog Vet Neurol. 1993;4:243.

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2089 Oyster R, et al. Electron microscopic studies of bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy in Brown Swiss cattle. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1992;39:600. (abstract)

2090 Oyster R, et al. Histochemical and morphometric studies of peripheral muscle in bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy of Brown Swiss cattle. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1992;39:321.

2091 Troyer D, Cash W, Leipold H. Skeletal muscle of cattle affected with progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy. Am J Vet Res. 1993;54:1084.

2092 Aitchison CS, et al. Ultrastructural alterations of motor cortex synaptic junctions in Brown Swiss cattle with weaver syndrome. Am J Vet Res. 1985;46:1733.

2093 El Hamidi ME, Leipold HW, Cook JE. Ultrastructural changes in Brown Swiss cattle affected with bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy (weaver syndrome). Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1990;37:729.

2094 Hoeshchele I, Meinert TR. Association of genetic defects with yield and type traits: the weaver locus effect upon yield. J Dairy Sci. 1990;73:2503.

2095 Georges M, et al. Microsatellite mapping of the gene causing weaver disease in cattle will allow the study of an associated quantitative trait locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:1058.

2096 Anonymous: We need more weaver reports. Brown Swiss Bull. 1985;64:44.

2097 Richard RB, Edwards JR. A progressive spinal myelinopathy in beef cattle. Vet Pathol. 1986;23:35.

2098 Edwards JR, Richards RB, Carrick MJ. Inherited progressive spinal myelinopathy in Murray Grey cattle. Aust Vet J. 1988;65:108.

2099 El Hamidi M, et al. Spinal muscular atrophy in Brown Swiss calves. J Vet Med. 1989;36:731.

2100 Dahme E, Hafner A, Schmidt P. Spinal muscular atrophy in German Braunvieh calves: comparative neuropathological evaluation. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1991;17:517.

2101 Troyer D, Cash WC, Vestweber J, et al. Review of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in Brown Swiss cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1993;5:303.

2102 Pumarola M, Anor S, Majo N, et al. Spinal muscular atrophy in Holstein-Friesian calves. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1997;93:178.

2103 Agerholm JS, Basse A. Spinal muscular atrophy in calves of the Red Danish breed. Vet Rec. 1994;134:232.

2104 Sisó S, Pumarola M, Ferrer L. Cell death and decreased synaptic protein expression in the ventral horn of Holstein-Friesian calves with spinal muscular atrophy. J Comp Pathol. 2003;128:132.

2105 Troyer D, et al. Upper motor neuron and descending tract pathology in bovine spinal muscular atrophy. J Comp Pathol. 1992;107:305.

2106 Medugorac I, Kemter J, Russ I, et al. Mapping of the bovine spinal muscular atrophy locus to chromosome 24. Mamm Genome. 2003;14:383.

2107 Joerg H, Muntwyler J, Glowatzki-Mullis ML, et al. Bovine spinal muscular atrophy: AFG3L2 is not a positional candidate gene. J Anim Breed Genet. 2005;122(suppl 1):103.

2108 See reference 2100

2109 Hafner A, et al. Spinal dysmyelination in newborn Brown Swiss–Braunvieh calves. J Vet Med. 1993;40:413.

2110 Agerholm JS, Andersen O. Inheritance of spinal dysmyelination in calves. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1995;42:9.

2111 Stocker H, Berger Pusteria J, Lutz H, et al. A new hereditary disease in Braunvieh cattle in Switzerland: spinal demyelination (SDM) in calves that remain in lateral recumbency. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1996;138:295.

2112 Borges AS, Mendes LC, Luvizotto MC, et al. Myelopathy in Holstein x Gir calves in Brazil. J Vet Intern Med. 2003;17:730.

2113 Moisan PG, Steffen DJ, Sanderson MW, et al. A familial degenerative neuromuscular disease of Gelbvieh cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2002;14:140.

2114 Panciera RJ, Washburn KE, Streeter RN, et al. A familial peripheral neuropathy and glomerulopathy in Gelbvieh calves. Vet Pathol. 2003;40:63.

2115 Palmer AC, et al. Progressive ataxia of Charolais cattle associated with a myelin disorder. Vet Rec. 1972;91:592.

2116 Patton CS. Progressive ataxia in Charolais cattle. Vet Pathol. 1977;14:535.

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