I
Iatrogenic adrenocortical insufficiency,
566–567
IBS (irritable bowel syndrome),
544
ICER (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio),
59
ICH (International Conferences on Harmonisation),
63–64
ICUs (intensive care units), acute severe asthma,
478
Idea, drug discovery and development,
30
Idiopathic hypercalciuria,
457
Idiopathic (primary) pulmonary arterial hypertension,
419
Illness, non-compliance,
22
Immediate hypersensitivity,
115
Immobility, poisoning supportive treatment,
124
Immune complex mediated hypersensitivity,
116
Immune-mediated drug reactions,
102,
102t
Immune system, adrenal steroid effects,
564
Immunisations, active,
524
Immunomodulatory drugs,
242–253
B-cell depletion agents,
254
drug discovery and development,
32
T-cell activation inhibition,
254–255
viral infections,
222 see also specific drugs
Immunosuppression,
523–524
active immunisations,
524
chronic drug effects,
119
inflammatory bowel disease therapy,
541
myasthenia gravis treatment,
378
tuberculosis,
206 see also specific drugs
Impotence, adverse drug reactions,
121
Inappropriate prescribing,
20
Incapacitating agents, poisoning,
133
Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER),
59
Indirect-acting cholinergic drugs,
372–373
Indiscriminate use, antimicrobial drug resistance,
169
Infections
primary, antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis,
167 see also specific infections
Infiltration anaesthesia,
305
Inflammation,
241–242
glucocorticoid therapy,
561
platelet-activating factor,
241,
241f
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),
540–544
Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies,
369
Infliximab,
253,
254f
inflammatory bowel disease therapy,
543
ulcerative colitis management,
542
Influenza, pneumonias,
194
Inhalational administration,
88–89
Inhalational anaesthesia,
298–300
halogenated anaesthetics,
299
oxygen administration,
300
pharmacokinetics,
298 see also specific anaesthetics
Initial assessment, poisoning,
123
Insomnia,
337
precipitating factors,
338b
Insulin
injection techniques,
577
uses,
573–578 see also specific types
Insulin Glulisine (apidra),
575t
Insulin Lispro® (humalog),
575t
Intensive care units (ICUs), acute severe asthma,
478
Intention-to-treat analysis,
43
Interferon-α (IFN-α),
512t
Interleukin-1 receptor, recombinant,
255
Interleukin-2 (IL-2),
512t
Intermediated syndrome, anticholinesterase poisoning,
376
Intermediate duration insulin preparations,
574
Intermittent claudication,
402
Internal malabsorption, vitamin D deficiency,
619
International Conferences on Harmonisation (ICH),
63–64
Intestinal malabsorption syndrome,
484
Intestines, bacterial infections,
198–199
Intramuscular administration,
88
progestogen-only contraception,
610
Intraocular pressure,
460
Intrathecal opioids administration,
285
Intrauterine devices, copper,
610
Intrauterine system, levonorgestrel,
610
Intravenous administration,
88
regional anaesthesia,
306
Intravenous bolus injection,
82f,
83
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg),
252–253
Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA),
75–76
Inverse agonist receptors,
76
In vitro predictive tests, allergies,
118
Ion channels, ligand-gated,
75
Ipratropium (Atrovent),
381
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
478–479
Irreversible binding, receptors,
76
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),
544
ISA (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity),
75–76
Isoprenaline (isoproterenol),
388
Isosorbide dinitrate (Cedocard),
396
Isosorbide mononitrate (Elantan),
396
IUDs (intrauterine devices),
610
IvIg (intravenous immunoglobulin),
252–253