A
accredited postgraduate programs,
5,
7,
8,
291
adverse events in hospital study,
276
airborne-transmitted diseases,
110
air-conditioning systems,
54
airways
anatomy of upper airway,
140f
dealing with difficult,
146
laryngeal mask airway (LMA),
140–141
paediatric-sized equipment,
235
allergic contact dermatitis,
62
allergies and sensitivities,
36,
132,
250
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA),
24–25
physical status classification system,
25t,
131,
248
anaesthesia
differences between subarachnoid and epidural,
149t
regional blocks, continuous,
230
technological advancements,
247
total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA),
158,
247
anaesthetic assistants,
145
anaesthetic face masks,
138,
140
anaesthetic nurses,
60,
131
acute malignant hyperthermia management,
158
anaphylaxis resuscitation,
156
direct laryngoscopy techniques,
144
intubation equipment checks,
143–144
role responsibilities,
5b,
72
anaesthetic overdose,
133t
antianginal medications,
37
antiarrhythmic medications,
37
anticoagulant medications,
37
anticonvulsant medications,
37
anti-embolism stockings,
40
antiemetic drugs,
136t,
146,
247
use in postoperative period,
137
antihypertensive medications,
37
antimuscarinic drugs,
137
anxiety-reduction interventions,
132
aqueous scrub solutions,
114
argon-enhanced electrosurgery,
57
Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA),
5,
22,
36,
250
Australian and New Zealand Standards,
253,
256
Australian College of Operating Room Nurses (ACORN),
266,
290,
301
perioperative environment classifications,
49–53
workplace bullying and harassment,
13
Australian Commission for Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC),
275–276,
278
Australian Day Surgery Council (ADSC),
243,
245,
257
Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council (ANMC),
263,
289,
304
competency standards,
297
Continuing Competence Framework,
292
defining accountability,
264b
scope of practice framework,
265–266
Australian preoperative checklist,
34f
axillary thermometers,
220
C
caring roles,
3–4
dialectic between caring and technical roles,
4b
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),
31,
32,
105
classification of surgical wounds,
169b
central nerve blocks,
147–149
spinal curvature for insertion,
150f
central venous pressure (CVP) catheter,
152–153
chemotherapy patients,
104
chest X-ray examinations,
26,
152
circulating nurses,
5,
60,
155
documentation keeping,
273
role responsibilities,
6b,
57
specimen verification,
190
sterile items, handling guidelines,
112f
supporting surgical teams,
189
cleaning metal instruments,
119
cleaning reusable instruments standards,
118–119
cleaning specialised instruments,
119
closed cart system,
49,
51
closed-drainage systems,
182
Cochrane Collaboration,
299
College of Nursing,
287,
291
advanced practice certificate courses,
304
Consent/Agreement to Treatment forms,
10,
27,
33,
37,
249
continuing education providers,
287
continuous opioid infusions,
229
‘correct patient, correct site, correct procedure’ protocol,
278–279
conventional air system,
54
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD),
102
sterilising instruments contaminated by,
124
cultural safety,
8–11
tenets of safety model,
11b
E
elderly patients,
71,
93
colonoscopy considerations,
250
inadvertent hypothermia,
84
electrical safety procedures,
55–56
electrocardiography (ECG),
55,
220
electrocution from equipment,
55–56
electrolytes,
154–155
serum electrolytes imbalance,
154
electronic health records (EHR),
274
electronic intraoperative care plans,
274
electrosurgery, hazards,
57–58
endogenous infections,
103
endoscopic instruments,
208–209,
253
documentation of sterilisation,
256
endoscopic minimally invasive surgery,
206–211
endoscopic specimen bag,
211
endoscopic stapling devices,
209
endoscopy
emerging nursing roles within,
257–258
endotracheal tubes (ETT),
140
Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) tubes,
143
enrolled nurse (EN),
287
medication administration,
303,
304
Perioperative Education Program for ENs (PEPEN),
304
role responsibilities,
33
scope of practice,
5,
6,
8,
289
environmentally controlled units,
46–48,
66
Esmarch’s rubber bandage,
86
exogenous infections,
103
M
malignant hyperthermia patients,
130
alternative anaesthesia,
158
Mallampati assessment,
143
pharyngeal classification,
131f
manual handling techniques,
61
manual handling training,
73
Māori culture,
38,
275
respect for traditional values and beliefs,
9b
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS),
125
medical/health questionnaires,
23,
248
Mendelson’s syndrome,
145
meningococcal infections,
110
methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections (MRSA),
101,
103
microorganisms,
100–103
common microorganisms in perioperative environments,
102t
minimally invasive insertion techniques,
209–211
closed (blind) technique,
209
monopolar diathermy,
38,
56f
monopolar diathermy haemostasis,
173f
multidisciplinary approaches,
14,
15
multi-drug resistant tuberculosis,
103
multimodal analgesics,
232
multiresistant organisms (MROs),
110
musculoskeletal system injuries,
74–75
myocardial ischaemia,
151,
152
N
nasopharyngeal airways,
138
neonates,
153
inadvertent hypothermia,
84
neostigmine, side-effects of,
137
New Zealand,
8
accreditation process,
296
adverse events results,
276
body parts or tissue release form,
39f
District Health Boards nursing funding,
287,
291
fire and explosion in operating rooms,
62b
nursing registration legislations,
263
Perioperative Nurses College (PNC),
296
postgraduate program providers,
291
preoperative checklist,
35f
return of body parts and tissue,
9b,
38,
275
New Zealand Health Strategy,
21
New Zealand Nurses Organisation (NZNO),
294,
296
non-allergenic tapes,
180
non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring devices,
135
non-ionising radiation,
65
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS),
226,
232
Nurse Practitioners
development of new perioperative roles,
7,
303
legislative framework,
257,
265
paediatric orthopaedic,
303
perioperative environment,
266b,
300
prescribing and referral responsibilities,
303
role responsibilities,
23
transitional perioperative,
303
nurse regulatory authorities (NRA),
263
nurse-led clinics,
21,
22
nurse-led discharges,
238
Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ),
8,
263
advanced nursing roles,
265
nursing workforce, ageing,
2
P
pacemaker dysfunction,
151
packaging sterilised items,
120
paediatric patients
anaesthetic alternatives,
147
family-centred care approach,
235
malignant hyperthermia treatment,
158
pain management, complementary therapies,
232–233
pain management education information,
250–251
patient discharge criteria,
235–238
patient empowerment,
28–30
patient medical history,
26
patient notes as evidence in court,
273
patient satisfaction surveys,
251
patient social history,
26,
250
patient-controlled analgesia (PCA),
228–229
patient-nurse relationship,
4,
9
patients’ correct site of surgery,
87–88
patients’ drug history,
130
patients’ family history,
130
patient-specific issues,
71
perioperative nurse surgeon’s assistant (PNSA),
5,
7,
295,
302
role responsibilities,
7b,
303
Perioperative Nurses College of the New Zealand Nurses Organisation (PNCNZNO),
266,
290,
296
perioperative nursing,
303
cross-professional boundaries,
300–301
delegating work to other health workers,
266
development of new perioperative roles,
303
documentation keeping,
273
electronic intraoperative care plans,
274
identifying cultures in,
11
multidisciplinary approach,
3,
301
safety and risk management,
275–279
specialty knowledge,
11–12
surgical count standards guide,
88
transferability of skills,
293
perioperative patient warming,
154
perioperative speciality, history of,
2
peripheral nerves injuries,
75t
personal protective equipment (PPE),
109
physical status classification system,
25t,
131,
248
plasma cholinesterase,
137
Post Anaesthetic Discharge Scoring System (PADSS),
237t
Postanaesthesia Discharge Scoring System (PADS) modified,
254
postanaesthetic recovery unit (PARU) facilities
allocated patient bays,
216
equipment requirements for,
216–217
equipment requirements for patient bays,
216
first Australian facility,
215b
isolation bays for patients,
216
postanaesthesia care chart,
236f
postanaesthetic recovery unit (PARU) nurses,
5,
7–8
airway assessment and management,
218–220
bronchospasm management,
224
complementary therapies pain management,
232–233
continuous opioid infusions administration,
229
continuous peripheral (regional) nerve block management,
230
epidural analgesia management,
230–231
haemodynamic monitoring,
219
hypotension management,
225
intravenous opioid administration,
227–228
paediatric discharge criteria,
235
patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) education,
228
post local anaesthesia infiltration management,
229
post regional anaesthesia management,
229–230
postoperative nausea and vomiting management,
233–234,
247
postoperative patient care management,
218–221
reducing patient anxieties,
221
role responsibilities,
8b
secretions obstruction management,
223
specialty surgery patient care,
234
spinal anaesthesia management,
231–232
tongue obstruction management,
221,
223
postanaesthetic respiratory complications,
221–225
postoperative blood pressure readings,
220
postoperative cardiovascular complications,
225–226
postoperative circulation assessment,
220
postoperative complications,
148
postoperative handover of care,
217–218
postoperative pain management,
226–233
postoperative patient care,
254–255
postoperative respiratory complications,
222–223t
povidone-iodine solutions,
114,
117
preadmission clinics,
21,
23
preadmission interviews,
22–23
preadmission nurses,
5
role responsibilities,
23
preanaesthetic assessments,
130–131
pregnant patients,
75
patient positioning,
77–78
premedication and medication assessments,
37–38
preoperative admission
checking patient in operating suite,
33f
preoperative assessments,
21–23
face-to-face interviews,
248,
249
non-physician practitioner role,
22
routine screening tests,
249
preoperative education,
28–30
preoperative fasting,
36–37
preoperative holding bays,
50
preoperative investigations,
26–28
preoperative patient warming,
40,
85
preoperative preparation,
21
preoperative preparation education guide,
31t
preoperative preparation patient education guide,
31t
preoperative screening,
23
preoperative skin preparation,
116–117
preoperative visiting,
30
professional associations,
293–297
ACORN state/territory branches,
295
governance standards,
294
international member organisations,
296–297
perioperative associations,
294–296
professional nursing development,
291–293
hospital-based certificates,
291
professional portfolios,
292
professional socialisation,
10–11,
12
professional status recognition,
292–293
prone position,
78–79
nursing interventions and rationales,
79t
prophylactic antibiotic therapy,
250
prophylactic antiemetic medications,
233–234
provision-of-care models,
15
psychological interventions,
232
pulmonary embolus (PE),
93,
94
S
scalpels,
174,
193,
208
correct method of passing scalpel,
64f
sentinel events,
276–279
contributing factors,
277t
contributing factors for retained surgical instruments,
278t
retained surgical instrument after surgery case study,
279b
wrong patient or body part case study,
277b
short-acting intravenous induction agents,
132
silent myocardial infarction,
27
single corridor operating suite,
46
small clusters operating suite,
46
smoke plume hazards,
57,
59
smoking
complications from,
27–28
interventions for preoperation,
28b
preoperative educative material,
29b
Spaulding’s classification of infectious risks,
118t
specialised indicator tape,
120
specialty-specific journals,
299
specialty knowledge,
11–12
specimen handling procedures,
275
sterile fields,
111,
113
handling and pouring procedures,
112–113
sterile items, handling guidelines,
112–114
flipping procedures,
113f
pouring solution into sterile galipot,
113f
presenting items in operation,
112f
sterilisation,
120–125
biological indicators,
125
dry heat sterilisation,
122
ethylene oxide (ETO) sterilisation,
123
gas plasma sterilisation,
123
instruments contaminated by CJD prions,
124
peracetic acid sterilisation,
123
reusable instruments standards,
118–119
tracking and traceability systems,
125,
256
validation processes,
124
sterilising departments,
51
supine hypotensive syndrome,
75
supine position,
148,
209,
217,
221
nursing interventions and rationales,
78t
surgeons, role responsibilities,
89
surgical count,
88–91,
190,
191
completed count sheet,
90
counting procedures,
89–90
emergency situations,
90–91
radiofrequency identification chips,
88
surgical instruments,
192–197
sterilisation checks,
192
surgical positions, standard,
78–84
surgical priorities, determining,
15–16
surgical procedures
archaeological evidence,
187
collection and verification of specimen procedure,
190
common indications for,
187t
dissection and exposure procedure,
189
exploration and isolation procedure,
189
haemostasis and irrigation stage,
189
technological advancements,
2,
188
sutures,
197–200
absorbable monofilament,
191
braided monofilament,
201t
coefficient friction,
199
continuous running/locking,
176
simple interrupted,
175–176
subcuticular technique,
191
sympathomimetic agents, direct-acting,
156