O

objective signs, 861–870
obliteration of pulp canal, 641
obstructions, 326, 930f See also separated/broken instruments
debris
left by NiTi instruments, 319
in maxillary sinus, 731
in pulp remnants/wall debris, 149f
in tooth orifices, 175f, 316, 331–332, 935
removal of
instruments for, 245
ultrasonic equipment for, 929–930, 930f
Obtura II and III systems, 375f–376f, 376–378
Obtura S Kondensers, 372f
obturation, 270f
of accessory canals, 380f
adequate, 358f
carrier-based systems for, 270–271, 378–381, 915–916
carrier removal, 916
cement trails, 34f
challenges of canal shapes for, 139–141
compaction techniques, 367–376, 373f–374f
delivery systems for, 269–271, 376f–377f, 378
heating systems for, 271
historical perspectives on, 352
immediate obturation, 381–382, 383f
importance of, 349–352
inadequate/incomplete, 351f, 1017f
injection techniques, 271
instruments for, 243–245
length of, 354–356
materials for, 916f See also (sealers/sealants specific material
custom cones, 366–367
gutta-percha See (gutta-percha)
injectable, 271f
pastes, 381
properties of, 363b
methods of, 367–382
for older patients, 881–882
preparation for, 354–356
of primary teeth, 835–838
resin-bonded systems, 914
solid core obturators, 914–919
with split teeth, 35f
systems for, 915f
thermoplastic techniques, 376f
three-dimensional, 350
timing of, 352–353
twist-off obturation technique, 925f
voids in obturation, 351f
occlusal adjustment, 763–765
occlusal anatomy, 151–152
occlusal prematurities, 433
occlusal reduction, 41
occlusal schemes, 788
occlusal stress, 462–463
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 88–91
Ochsenbein-Luebke flaps, 741–742, 742f
ODBC (open database connectivity), 995
odontoblastic process, 36f, 459, 809f
odontoblast layer, 464f, 467f–468f, 477f, 482f, 516
odontoblast-like cells, 603–607, 605t
odontoblast process, 466–467
odontoblasts, 476f, 483–484, 603–604, 810f
apoptosis of, 463
destruction of primary, 491–492
differentiation of, 456–457, 456f, 467f, 604–605
displacement of, 481f
disruption of, 467
membrane properties of, 477
relationship of odontoblast structure to secretory function, 467–468
replacement, 627f
in response to caries, 504–508, 506f–507f
odontogenesis, 606
odontogenic infections, 593
odontogenic toothaches
central excitatory effects with, 55
form for evaluating, 62f–63f
localizing, 62
sources of, 54–55
office policies See practice management
off-the-cuff diagnoses, 437
Ohio State University, 702
older patients See geriatric patients
ONJ See osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ)
onlays/overlays, 781, 798f
onset of anesthesia, 702, 714
OOE (outer enamel epithelium), 454f
open apex avulsions, 648–651
open database connectivity (ODBC), 995
operatory preparation, 88–91, 737, 738f
covering instrumentation, 131
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), 91
infection control, 88–91
in-operatory sterilizers, 129
for periradicular surgery, 727–728, 737, 738f–739f, 741
handpieces, 744f
opioid interneurons, blockade of, 52
opioid peptides, 675f
opioid release, 674
opioids (narcotic analgesics), 45–46, 682, 682t–683t
adverse side effects of, 682
combined, 682t
doses, 683t
opportunistic pathogens, 562–563
ORAD (Oral Radiographic Differential Diagnosis), 74
oral cavity bacteria, 130, 132, 594–595
oral conscious sedation, 714
oral hygiene, 411
oral infections, 75
Oral Radiographic Differential Diagnosis (ORAD), 74
oral sepsis, 587
orascopy, 109
instruments for/view examples, 110f
OraVerse, 697
ordinary care (prudent care), 412
organic sources of toothache, referred from distant source, 61–62
orifice enlargement instruments, 323f
orifice location, laws of, 151–152
orifices
enlargement of, 323f, 327f
laws of location, 151f
relationship of location of, 144–145
removal of, 164
orofacial pain, 54f
orofacial region
pain in, 55, 675f
sympathetic innervation of, 52
orthodontic extrusion, 667, 792–793
orthodontic movement, and pulpal reaction, 523
orthodontic procedures, 120–122, 523, 524f
orthograde endodontic therapy, possibilities/limitations of, 288f
orthograde root canal therapy, 283–285
osseous lesion formation, 657–661, 664f–665f, 668f
osseous regeneration, 362fSee also bone-related entries
osseous replacement, 640, 640f–641f, 647
osseus formation, 551, 726–727, 882
ossix membrane (collagen), 668f
osteitis, 74, 551
osteoblasts/osteogenesis, 726–727
osteoclasts (dentinoclasts), 543, 544f, 642f
osteoconductive material, 760–761
osteogenesis, distraction, 602
osteolytic lesions, 103
osteolytic responses, 362f
osteomyelitis, 551
osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ), 336f
bisphosphonate-related, 75–76, 76b, 97, 555
radiotherapy and, 555
osteotomies, 757f–758f
outcomes
apical periodontitis, 540–542, 541f, 545, 551
of endodontic treatment, 80
and enhanced visualization, 737
full coronal pulpotomies, 844
with geriatric patients, 882
healing, 78, 621, 727
influence of infections on, 82
nonsurgical treatment, 614–615
optimal endodontic, 136
probabilities for successful, 722–723
pulpectomies in mature teeth, 624–625
pulpotomies in primary teeth, 829–830
pulp therapy, 823b
rates of favorable, 283
of retreatment, 944
success/failure of retreatment therapy, 80
outer enamel epithelium (OOE), 454f
oval-shaped canals, 148–149
overextentions/overfills, 426f, 429–431, 430f–432f, 837f–839f
cementosis, 871f
gutta-percha, 429
treatment failures due to, 721
overheating posts, 414f
overinsertion of files, 416f
overlay approaches, composite/ceramics, 790f–791f
Oxford League Table of Analgesic Efficacy, 681t
oxidative potential water, 316
Oxpara paste, 833
oxygen supply to root canal, 577–578
ozone (triatomic oxygen/trioxygen), 257–258, 259f