T

tachycardia, 694
TACs (trigeminal autonomic cephalgias), 57
taxonomy
bacteria, 571
International Headache Society classification system, 56–57
nonodontogenic toothache, 55
orofacial pain, 55
T-cells (T lymphocytes), 533–534
helper, 471f
TCRs (T-cell antigen receptors), 533
TCN (subodontoblastic terminal capillary network), 485f
techniques, treatment See treatment methods
technology
future considerations for, 967–968
technology/digital technology
in administrative area, 993
advances in, 443
barriers to adoption of, 964
in clinician’s office, 994
computer industry standards, 994–995
computers/computer systems See (computer hardware and software)
digital dentistry, 963–964
digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM), 995
e-mail and Internet access, 967
ergonomics, 973
financial software security, 997
front desk workstations, 976–977
future of, 967–968
graphics and imaging, 994–995
health and safety factors for employees, 1004
imaging See (imaging instruments/systems)
insurance submissions, 967
Internet/Web, 995–997
misuse of, 964
office policies, 967
open database connectivity, 995
operatory equipment, 977–993, 981f
patient education systems, 967
patient loop, 973–994
plans for implementing, 970–973
preregistration of patients, 998
radiation protection, 987b
reception area kiosk, 976
referral form/report, 972f
referral tracking software, 997–998
scope of dental, 963–964
in sterilization area, 993
systematized nomenclature of dentistry (SNODENT), 995
Tell Us About Your Health form, 4f
Tell Us About Your Symptoms form, 3f
telopeptide of the procollagen molecule, 473
temporal artery biopsies, 62
temporal aspects of pain, 64
temporal space, 593
temporary restorations, 117f, 271–272, 651
temporary sealers, 81
temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), 57, 433
tensile strength of dentin, 778
tension-type headaches, 57
terminal arbor, 482f
terminal capillary network (TCN), 484f
terminal periodontal disease, 897–898
termination point for root canal therapy, 147
terminology
attempts to standardize, 36
neuralgia, 58
orofacial pain, 55
pain-related, 52
physical properties of instruments, 230b
standard abbreviations, 405, 405b
tertiary (reactive) dentin, 285, 458, 489, 504–506, 506f, 810f, 811
test cavity method, 19, 869
testing/assessment methods, 36–37 See also sensitivity assessment
bite tests, 19, 27, 227
cold sensitivity, 172f, 223–224, 478
ethyl chloride, 224f
hygienic Endo-Ice, 224f
with refrigerant spray, 16
documentation of, 395
effectiveness of local anesthesia, 696f–704f, 708f
electric pulp test, 15–16, 31
heat sensitivity, 15–17, 224–225
hyperalgesia with, 674
locating pain sources See (localization of pain)
mobility testing, 14, 14f, 15b
for nonodontogenic toothaches, 65
percussion testing, 14, 14f, 19, 65
pulp See (pulp testing methods)
sweet sensitivity, 172f
Tetraclean, 251–252
tetracycline, 749–750
tetrodotoxins (TTXs), 673, 692
TF (Twisted File), 304–305, 305f
TGFs (transforming growth factors), 810, 810f, 838–840
thalamus, 676
theoretic pathways of osseous lesion formation, 657–661
theories
central core theory, 701f
on failure to achieve anesthesia, 701
focal infection theory, 587–589
therapeutic modalities, 56
Thermafil system, 378–380, 379f, 916, 916f, 919f
thermal allodynia, 674
thermal testing, 15–17, 36–37, 223–224, 478, 621 See also sensitivity assessment See also testing/assessment methods
ThermaPrep Plus oven, 270f
thermomechanical pluggers, 381
thermoplastic techniques, 376f, 914
thickened dentin, 641f
Third Millennium Electronic Commerce Act, 405
Thomas Screw Post Removal Kit, 904–905
Thomas screw post removal technique, 907f
thoracic/cardiac pain, 52
threaded posts, 783–784
three-canal access cavity preparation, 185f
three-dimensional obturation, 136
three-dimensional radiography See cone-beam volumetric tomography (CBVT)
throat/neck structures, 61–62
thyroid hormones, 695t
time course of pulpal anesthesia, 703
time management, 1022, 1024
ideal day, 1022–1023
procedural time studies, 1022
scheduling, 1022–1023
Tinel’s sign, 58–59
tissue
damage/injuries to, 478
excisional dentoalveolar wounds, 726–727
failure of prosthetic foundations and, 788f
destruction of adjacent, 812
hard See (hard tissue)
histopathologic assessment of removed, 745
ingrowth of, 120
soft See (soft tissue)
successful repair of, 882
tissue fibers, connective, 472–473, 603
tissue preservation, 788
tissue reflection, 742–743
tissue regeneration, 602, 606
collagen GTR (guided tissue regeneration), 666f
connective, 603
guided tissue regeneration (GTR), 602, 608, 758–762
titanium carriers, 915–916
TLP (transmitted light photoplethysmography), 225
T lymphocytes (T-cells)
helper, 471f
T-cell antigen receptors (TCRs), 533
TMDs (temporomandibular disorders), 57, 433
toll-like receptors (TLRs) See pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
Tomes granular layer, 460
tomography See also cone-beam volumetric tomography (CBVT)
micro-computed (microCT), 238f
tongue swelling, bilateral, 12–13
toothaches See also pain
from distant organic source, 61–62
nonodontogenic See (nonodontogenic toothaches)
odontogenic See (odontogenic toothaches)
psychogenic, 61
as symptom of other disorders, 50
tooth development, 454–455, 602–603
tooth isolation See rubber dams
tooth mobility, 15b
tooth nerve supply, 455
tooth retention, 945
tooth structure
dentin, 777–778
effects of chemicals on, 778
excessive thinning of dental structure, 319f
loss of, 114–115
removal of unsupported, 152
sacrifice of coronal, 151f
structurally compromised teeth, 789–792
structurally sound anterior teeth, 789
substitutions for, 778
tooth vitality/nonvitality See pulpal necrosis (nonvital pulp); pulp vitality; vital pulp
topical anesthesia, 696
Toronto group study, 352, 354
torque control, 309f
torque testing, 308f
torsional load (MacSpadden factor), 310b
totipotent stem cells, 603
Touch ‘n Heat unit, 374f, 912f, 917f
training of staff See See under staff issues
transcapillary fluid transport, 487–488, 488f
transformational elasticity, 306f
transforming growth factors (TGFs), 810, 810f, 838–840
transient receptor potential subtype V1 (TRPV1), 673
transillumination, 28, 168f, 227–228, 228f
detecting cracks with, 867
translucency changes, 780
transmetal burs, 155
transmitted light photoplethysmography (TLP), 225
transportation errors, 231
transported canals, 411f, 435f
traumatic injuries, 442
adjunctive therapy for, 650
amputation neuroma, 58–59
to anterior teeth, 789
avulsions See (avulsed teeth)
biologic consequences of
crown fractures, 622–624
luxation injuries, 639–647
nonvital immature teeth, 630
calcific metamorphosis following, 286
concomitant attachment damage, 625
cracks See (cracks/fractures)
crown fractures See (cracks/fractures)
crown-root fractures, 621
deafferentiation with tissue injuries, 478
to dentin, 810f
dentinogenic response to, 809–810
diffuse, 640
follow-up after, 621–622
fractures See (cracks/fractures)
heat-related See (heat-related injuries)
history of, 27
infections with, 561
irrigation-related, 336
limiting the effects of, 640–641
luxation See (luxation injuries)
most common, 620–621
nerve sensitization due to, 60
neuritis induced by, 59
pediatric
diagnosis following, 821
mild/severe, 809–810
pulp diagnosis and treatment planning after, 821
permanent restorations, 651–652
posttrauma therapy, 442
pulpal necrosis secondary to, 613f
pulp exposure, 625f
radiographic examinations for, 622
radiographic examples, 104f–105f
revascularization case for pulpal necrosis, 612f
root fractures See (root fractures/cracks)
seizure-induced, 27f
to soft tissue, 623f, 649–650
sports-related, 27f
subclinical, 861
temporary restorations, 651
time between trauma and treatment, 625
treatment See (treatment methods)
during treatment, 42
unique aspects of dental, 620
in young teeth, 166
treatment failures
secondary infections, 581, 582f
with silver cones, 363
studies of, 349
treatment methods, 60, 662–667
abscesses, 594
attachment damage, 641–642
avulsed teeth See (See under avulsed teeth)
cellulitis, 594
cluster headaches, 57
crown fractures See (cracks/fractures)
crown-root fractures, 635
decision making for, 939–941
documentation of See (documentation/records)
failure of, 426
for geriatric patients, 873–882
herpetic outbreaks, 59
infections See (infections)
internal root resorption, 644–645
for limiting effects of injuries, 640–641
luxation injuries See (luxation injuries)
migraine headaches, 57
neuropathies, 60
nonsurgical See (nonsurgical retreatment; nonsurgical treatment)
nonvital pulp, 630–635
partial pulpotomy, 627–629
periodontal See (periodontal treatment)
for posttreatment/persistent disease, 895–898
pulpal reactions See (pulpal reactions)
pulp capping, 627
pulpectomy, 629
rationales for, 589–590
restorative procedures See (restorations; restorative procedures)
systemic antibiotics for, 594–595
treatment planning
antianxiety regimens, 97–98
case presentation, 92–95
dental evaluation, 77–86
documentation of, 395–397
diagnosis, 395
examination, 395
patient consultation, 395
treatment provided, 397
endodontic therapy versus dental implants, 80
factors influencing case selection, 82–86
foundations for, 288
immature teeth, 82
informed consent, 95
medical findings influencing, 72–77, 130–132, 694–695, 728–730
behavioral and psychiatric, 77
bisphosphonate therapy, 75–76
cardiovascular See (cardiovascular conditions/events)
cardiovascular disease, 72–73
diabetes, 73–74
end-stage renal disease/dialysis, 76
HIV and AIDS, 76
malignancies, 74–75
medically compromised patients, 71
pregnancy, 74
prosthetic implants, 76–77
psychosocial evaluation, 77
nonvital cases, 81
pain control, 98
patient preparation, 91–98
pediatric, after trauma, 821
periodontal considerations, 77
premedication with antibiotics, 96–97
radiation safety, 95
radiograph preparation See (radiography)
restorative considerations, 78–79
retreatment cases, 82
single-visit versus multiple-visit treatment, 81–82
surgical options, 77–78, 898
vital cases, 80–81
trend analysis, 972–973
trephination, 42, 906f–907f
triatomic oxygen/trioxygen (ozone), 257–258
HealOzone, 259f
tricyclic antidepressants, 695t
trifurcating roots, 141f
trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs), 57
trigeminal axon navigation, 455–456
trigeminal ganglia, 50
trigeminal nerve, 51f, 54f
injuries to, 55
maxillary division of, 704f
sensitization of, 56–57
trigeminal neuralgia, 5–6, 58
trigeminal pain system, action potentials, 674
trigger points
injections, 56
myofascial, 55–56
persistence of, 56
trigger zones, 58
trimethylene carbonate, 764t
tropocollagen, 472
TRPV1 (transient receptor potential subtype V1), 673
Tru-Align system, 989f
true combined lesions, 661f
endo-perio, 658f
periodontal/endodontic, 660–661, 661f
TTXs (tetrodotoxins), 673, 692
tuberculosis, 5–6, 91, 124, 130
tube shift technique, 106f–107f
tube-shift technique, 103
Twisted File (TF), 304–305, 305f
two-dimensional radiography, 20, 23, 24f, 734